Kakee Sosuke, Mino Yoichi, Okuno Keisuke, Kawaba Daisuke, Maejima Atsushi, Namba Noriyuki
Division of Pediatrics and Perinatology, Department of Multidisciplinary Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan.
Yonago Acta Med. 2022 Aug 29;65(3):244-253. doi: 10.33160/yam.2022.08.011. eCollection 2022 Aug.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections were not prevalent in Yonago and its vicinity during autumn 2020, and the relative frequencies of pathogen-induced respiratory infections during this period are unclear.
We collected 109 nasopharyngeal swabs from 93 pediatric patients who visited Tottori University Hospital between October 1, 2020, and March 31, 2021. These samples were comprehensively tested for 18 pathogens with the FilmArray respiratory panel test (v2.1) using nested real-time polymerase chain reaction, and the frequency of pathogens detected per month was calculated. In addition, we compared the duration of fever and the blood test results of patients infected with each pathogen or multiple pathogens.
Of the 109 samples, 42 were obtained from female patients and 67 from male patients (median age, 3 years; range, 0-15 years). Overall, 62 patients (56.9%) had a fever ≥ 38 °C at the time of examination, and the median duration of fever ≥ 38 °C was 2 days (1-12). During the study period, the highest number of samples (22) were collected in November 2020. Among samples that tested positive, the most common pathogens were rhino/enteroviruses (52 samples; 76.5%), followed by adenoviruses (7 samples; 10.3%), coronavirus NL63 (6 samples; 8.8%), coronavirus OC43, parainfluenza virus type 1, and parainfluenza virus type 2 (1 sample each; 1.5% each). The duration of fever was significantly longer in adenovirus-infected patients than in patients infected with other viruses ( < 0.05). Hemoglobin and sodium levels were also significantly lower among the adenovirus-infected patients. However, these variations were mostly within the normal range. No clinically meaningful differences were found between rhino/enterovirus-infected and non-rhino/enterovirus-infected cases, between coronavirus NL63-infected and non-coronavirus NL63-infected cases, and between cases with multiple- and single-pathogen infections.
Rhino/enteroviruses were the most common viruses causing respiratory tract infections in areas without endemic SARS-CoV-2.
2020年秋季，严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染在米子及其周边地区并不普遍，这一时期病原体引起的呼吸道感染的相对频率尚不清楚。
我们收集了2020年10月1日至2021年3月31日期间到鸟取大学医院就诊的93名儿科患者的109份鼻咽拭子。使用巢式实时聚合酶链反应，通过FilmArray呼吸道检测板检测（v2.1）对这些样本进行18种病原体的全面检测，并计算每月检测到的病原体频率。此外，我们比较了感染每种病原体或多种病原体的患者的发热持续时间和血液检测结果。
在109份样本中，42份来自女性患者，67份来自男性患者（中位年龄3岁；范围0 - 15岁）。总体而言，62名患者（56.9%）在检查时体温≥38°C，体温≥38°C的中位持续时间为2天（1 - 12天）。在研究期间，2020年11月收集的样本数量最多（22份）。在检测呈阳性的样本中，最常见的病原体是鼻病毒/肠道病毒（52份样本；76.5%），其次是腺病毒（7份样本；10.3%）、冠状病毒NL63（6份样本；8.8%）、冠状病毒OC43、1型副流感病毒和2型副流感病毒（各1份样本；各1.5%）。腺病毒感染患者的发热持续时间明显长于其他病毒感染患者（<0.05）。腺病毒感染患者的血红蛋白和钠水平也明显较低。然而，这些变化大多在正常范围内。在鼻病毒/肠道病毒感染与非鼻病毒/肠道病毒感染病例之间、冠状病毒NL63感染与非冠状病毒NL63感染病例之间以及多病原体感染与单病原体感染病例之间未发现具有临床意义的差异。
在没有SARS-CoV-2地方流行的地区，鼻病毒/肠道病毒是引起呼吸道感染最常见的病毒。
