Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2022 Dec;70:102197. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2022.102197. Epub 2022 Sep 2.
Many bacterial pathogens can form persistent infections, providing an infectious reservoir, which allows for infection of new hosts. Currently, the molecular mechanisms and evolutionary dynamics driving persistence are still not well-understood. High-throughput sequencing methods have enabled the study of within-host evolution of persistent bacterial pathogens, revealing common trends among bacterial species in how they adapt to persist. We will focus on trends emerging from longitudinal human-cohort studies, including i) genome-size reduction, ii) metabolic adaptation to the host, iii) antimicrobial resistance, iv) changes in virulence and the bacterial cell surface, and v) hypermutation, and comment on where the field should focus going forward.
许多细菌病原体可以形成持续性感染，从而提供一个感染储库，使新宿主感染。目前，驱动持续性的分子机制和进化动态仍然没有得到很好的理解。高通量测序方法使对持续性细菌病原体的宿主内进化研究成为可能，揭示了细菌物种在适应持续性方面的共同趋势。我们将重点关注来自纵向人类队列研究的趋势，包括 i）基因组大小缩小，ii）对宿主的代谢适应，iii）抗微生物药物耐药性，iv）毒力和细菌表面的变化，以及 v）超突变，并评论该领域未来应关注的重点。
