Department of Economics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90007.
National Academy of Sciences, Irvine, CA 92617.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 Sep 13;119(37):e2210639119. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2210639119. Epub 2022 Sep 6.
In Europe, differences among countries in the overall change in happiness since the early 1980s have been due chiefly to the generosity of welfare state programs-increasing happiness going with increasing generosity and declining happiness with declining generosity. This is the principal conclusion from a time-series study of 10 Northern, Western, and Southern European countries with the requisite data. In the present study, cross-section analysis of recent data gives a misleading impression that economic growth, social capital, and/or quality of the environment are driving happiness trends, but in the long-term, time-series data, these variables have no relation to happiness.
在欧洲，自 20 世纪 80 年代初以来，各国幸福感总体变化的差异主要归因于福利国家计划的慷慨程度——慷慨程度增加与幸福感增加相关，慷慨程度下降与幸福感下降相关。这是对具有必要数据的 10 个北欧、西欧和南欧国家进行时间序列研究的主要结论。在本研究中，对近期数据的横截面分析产生了一种误导性印象，即经济增长、社会资本和/或环境质量正在推动幸福感趋势，但从长期来看，时间序列数据表明这些变量与幸福感无关。
