Human Systems Engineering (MMS), Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics (FKIE), Zanderstr. 5, 53111, Bonn, Germany.
Hochschule Bonn-Rhein-Sieg, Rheinbach, Germany.
Exp Brain Res. 2022 Oct;240(10):2757-2771. doi: 10.1007/s00221-022-06454-z. Epub 2022 Sep 6.
Visually induced motion sickness (VIMS) is a well-known side effect of virtual reality (VR) immersion, with symptoms including nausea, disorientation, and oculomotor discomfort. Previous studies have shown that pleasant music, odor, and taste can mitigate VIMS symptomatology, but the mechanism by which this occurs remains unclear. We predicted that positive emotions influence the VIMS-reducing effects. To investigate this, we conducted an experimental study with 68 subjects divided into two groups. The groups were exposed to either positive or neutral emotions before and during the VIMS-provoking stimulus. Otherwise, they performed exactly the same task of estimating the time-to-contact while confronted with a VIMS-provoking moving starfield stimulation. Emotions were induced by means of pre-tested videos and with International Affective Picture System (IAPS) images embedded in the starfield simulation. We monitored emotion induction before, during, and after the simulation, using the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM) valence and arousal scales. VIMS was assessed before and after exposure using the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) and during simulation using the Fast Motion Sickness Scale (FMS) and FMS-D for dizziness symptoms. VIMS symptomatology did not differ between groups, but valence and arousal were correlated with perceived VIMS symptoms. For instance, reported positive valence prior to VR exposure was found to be related to milder VIMS symptoms and, conversely, experienced symptoms during simulation were negatively related to subjects' valence. This study sheds light on the complex and potentially bidirectional relationship of VIMS and emotions and provides starting points for further research on the use of positive emotions to prevent VIMS.
视觉诱导运动病（VIMS）是虚拟现实（VR）沉浸的已知副作用，其症状包括恶心、定向障碍和眼球运动不适。先前的研究表明，愉快的音乐、气味和味道可以减轻 VIMS 症状，但这种现象发生的机制尚不清楚。我们预测积极的情绪会影响 VIMS 减轻的效果。为了研究这一点，我们进行了一项有 68 名受试者参与的实验研究，将他们分为两组。两组在接受 VIMS 诱发刺激之前和期间分别暴露于积极或中性情绪中。除此之外，他们执行了完全相同的任务，即估计面对 VIMS 诱发的运动星场刺激时的接触时间。情绪是通过预先测试的视频和嵌入星场模拟的国际情感图片系统（IAPS）图像来诱导的。我们使用自我评估量表（SAM）的效价和唤醒量表来监测模拟前后的情绪诱导。在暴露前后使用模拟器疾病问卷（SSQ）评估 VIMS，在模拟过程中使用快速运动病量表（FMS）和 FMS-D 评估头晕症状。两组之间的 VIMS 症状没有差异，但效价和唤醒与感知的 VIMS 症状相关。例如，在 VR 暴露前报告的积极效价与较轻的 VIMS 症状有关，相反，在模拟过程中经历的症状与受试者的效价呈负相关。这项研究揭示了 VIMS 和情绪之间复杂且潜在的双向关系，并为进一步研究使用积极情绪预防 VIMS 提供了起点。
