Streptomyces pimonensis sp. nov., isolated from the Taklimakan desert in Xinjiang, China.

A novel Streptomyces strain, designated TRM 75549, was isolated from a sample of sand in Pimo reclamation area, Taklimakan desert, Xinjiang, North-West China. Phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA gene sequences placed strain TRM75549 within the genus Streptomyces with the highest similarities to Streptomyces pilosus NBRC 12772 (98.7%). Nonetheless, average nucleotide identity (ANI) value and the digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) value between strain TRM75549 and S. pilosus NBRC 12772 were, respectively, 88.2% and 44.1%, and well below 95-96% and 70% cutoff point recommended for recognizing genomospecies, respectively. A multi-locus sequence analysis of five house-keeping genes (atpD, gyrB, recA, rpoB and trpB) and phylogenomic analysis also illustrated that strain TRM75549 should also be assigned to the genus Streptomyces. Strain TRM75549 contained MK-9 (H) and MK-9 (H) as predominant menaquinones. The diagnostic diamino acid of cell walls were identified as LL-diaminopimelic acid and meso-diaminopimelic. The whole-cell sugar pattern of strain TRM 75549 consisted of mannose and glucose. The major fatty acids (> 5%) were iso-C, iso-C, anteiso-C, iso-CH, iso-C. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, lysophosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phospholipids, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatiylinositol mannosides and unidentified phospholipids. Strain TRM75549 could be differentiated from S. pilosus NBRC 12772, based on physiological and biochemical characteristics. Thus, strain TRM75549 is representative of a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces pimonensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TRM75549 (= CCTCC AA 2020054 = LMG 32221).