Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Naju-si 58245, Korea.
Genetic and Epigenetic Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34141, Korea.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Aug 29;23(17):9826. doi: 10.3390/ijms23179826.
Poly ADP-ribosylation (PARylation) is a post-translational modification process. Following the discovery of PARP-1, numerous studies have demonstrated the role of PARylation in the DNA damage and repair responses for cellular stress and DNA damage. Originally, studies on PARylation were confined to PARP-1 activation in the DNA repair pathway. However, the interplay between PARylation and DNA repair suggests that PARylation is important for the efficiency and accuracy of DNA repair. PARylation has contradicting roles; however, recent evidence implicates its importance in inflammation, metabolism, and cell death. These differences might be dependent on specific cellular conditions or experimental models used, and suggest that PARylation may play two opposing roles in cellular homeostasis. Understanding the role of PARylation in cellular function is not only important for identifying novel therapeutic approaches; it is also essential for gaining insight into the mechanisms of unexplored diseases. In this review, we discuss recent reports on the role of PARylation in mediating diverse cellular functions and homeostasis, such as DNA repair, inflammation, metabolism, and cell death.
聚腺苷二磷酸核糖基化 (PARylation) 是一种翻译后修饰过程。在 PARP-1 被发现后，大量研究表明 PARylation 在细胞应激和 DNA 损伤的 DNA 损伤和修复反应中发挥作用。最初，PARylation 的研究仅限于 DNA 修复途径中 PARP-1 的激活。然而，PARylation 与 DNA 修复之间的相互作用表明 PARylation 对 DNA 修复的效率和准确性很重要。PARylation 具有矛盾的作用；然而，最近的证据表明其在炎症、代谢和细胞死亡中很重要。这些差异可能取决于特定的细胞条件或使用的实验模型，并表明 PARylation 在细胞稳态中可能发挥两种相反的作用。了解 PARylation 在细胞功能中的作用不仅对于确定新的治疗方法很重要；对于深入了解未探索疾病的机制也很重要。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了 PARylation 在介导多种细胞功能和稳态方面的最新报告，例如 DNA 修复、炎症、代谢和细胞死亡。
