Periodontology and Periodontal Medicine, Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Kings College London, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK.
Centre for Oral Clinical Research, Centre for Oral Immunobiology & Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University London, London E1 2AD, UK.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Sep 2;23(17):10033. doi: 10.3390/ijms231710033.
Since the inception of dental implants, a steadily increasing prevalence of peri-implantitis has been documented. Irrespective of the treatment protocol applied for the management of peri-implantitis, this biofilm-associated pathology, continues to be a clinical challenge yielding unpredictable and variable levels of resolution, and in some cases resulting in implant loss. This paper investigated the effect of microcosm biofilm in vitro decontamination on surface topography, wettability, chemistry, and biocompatibility, following decontamination protocols applied to previously infected implant titanium (Ti) surfaces, both micro-rough -Sandblasted, Large-grit, Acid-etched (SLA)-and smooth surfaces -Machined (M). Microcosm biofilms were grown on SLA and M Ti discs. These were treated with TiBrushes (TiB), combination of TiB and photodynamic therapy (PDT), combination of TiB and 0.2%CHX/1%NaClO, plus or minus Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) radiation. Surface topography was evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Laser Surface Profilometry. Surface function was analysed through wettability analysis. Surface chemistry evaluation of the discs was performed under SEM/Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Biocompatibility was tested with the cytocompatibility assay using human osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cell line (MG-63) cells. Elemental analysis of the discs disclosed chemical surface alterations resulting from the different treatment modalities. Titanium, carbon, oxygen, sodium, aluminium, silver, were identified by EDX as the main components of all the discs. Based on the data drawn from this study, we have shown that following the decontamination of Ti surfaces the biomaterial surface chemistry and topography was altered. The type of treatment and Ti surface had a significant effect on cytocompatibility ( = 0.0001). Although, no treatment modality hindered the titanium surface biocompatibility, parameters such as the use of chemical agents and micro-rough surfaces had a higher cytotoxic effect in MG-63 cells. The use of smooth surfaces, and photofunctionalisation of the TiO layer had a beneficial effect on cytocompatibility following decontamination.
自种植牙问世以来，已记录到种植体周围炎的患病率稳步上升。无论应用何种治疗方案来管理种植体周围炎，这种与生物膜相关的疾病仍然是一个临床挑战，其结果具有不可预测性和变异性，在某些情况下会导致种植体丧失。本文研究了先前感染的种植体钛（Ti）表面应用去污方案后，体外微宇宙生物膜去污对表面形貌、润湿性、化学性质和生物相容性的影响，Ti 表面包括微粗糙-Sandblasted, Large-grit, Acid-etched（SLA）和光滑表面-Machined（M）。微宇宙生物膜在 SLA 和 M Ti 盘上生长。这些盘用 TiBrushes（TiB）、TiB 与光动力疗法（PDT）的组合、TiB 与 0.2%CHX/1%NaClO 的组合，加上或减去紫外线-C（UV-C）辐射进行处理。表面形貌通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和激光表面轮廓仪进行评估。通过润湿性分析分析表面功能。使用 SEM/能量色散 X 射线光谱（EDX）和 X 射线光电子能谱（XPS）对圆盘进行表面化学评估。使用人成骨肉瘤细胞系（MG-63）细胞进行细胞相容性测定来测试生物相容性。圆盘的元素分析显示出不同处理方式导致的化学表面变化。EDX 鉴定出所有圆盘的主要成分是钛、碳、氧、钠、铝、银。根据本研究的数据，我们表明，Ti 表面去污后，生物材料表面化学和形貌发生了变化。处理类型和 Ti 表面对细胞相容性有显著影响（=0.0001）。尽管没有一种处理方式会阻碍钛表面的生物相容性，但化学试剂和微粗糙表面的使用对 MG-63 细胞的细胞毒性影响更大。在去污后，使用光滑表面和 TiO 层的光功能化对细胞相容性有有益的影响。
