Live Biotherapeutic GEN3013 Enhances Antitumor Efficacy of Cancer Treatment via Modulation of Cancer Progression and Immune System.

The gut microbiota is responsible for differential anticancer drug efficacies by modulating the host immune system and the tumor microenvironment. Interestingly, this differential effect is highly strain-specific. For example, certain strains can directly suppress tumor growth and enhance antitumor immunity; however, others do not have such an effect or even promote tumor growth. Identifying effective strains that possess antitumor effects is key for developing live biotherapeutic anticancer products. Here, we found that GEN3013 inhibits tumor growth by regulating tumor angiogenesis and directly inducing cancer cell death. Moreover, GEN3013 enhanced the therapeutic effects of oxaliplatin and the PD-1 blockade. Comprehensive immune profiling showed that GEN3013 augmented cytotoxic immune cell populations, such as CD4 T cells, CD8 effector T cells, and NK cells in the tumor microenvironment. Our results indicate that GEN3013 is a promising candidate for potentiating cancer treatment in combination with current standard therapy.