Agriculture Department, Mediterranea University Feo di Vito, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy.
Molecules. 2022 Aug 29;27(17):5555. doi: 10.3390/molecules27175555.
Pomegranate use is increasing worldwide, as it is considered a tasteful healthy food. It is mainly used as fruit, juice, and jam. The pomegranate peel represents about 40-50% of the total fruit weight and contains numerous and diverse bioactive substances. The aim of this research was to analyze the pomegranate peel chemical composition of Wonderful cultivated in Southern Italy and treated with an innovative physic dry concentration procedure in comparison with the peel composition of freeze-dried Wonderful cultivated in Southern Italy, freeze-dried Wonderful cultivated in South Africa, and freeze-dried pomegranate cultivated in India. The specific aim was to verify how much the growth area, cultivar type, and dry procedure influenced the chemical composition of the peels in terms of valuable bioactive compounds. Spectrophotometric and HPLC identification methods were used to detect antioxidants, antioxidant activities, and phenolic and flavonoid components. Results evidenced that in pomegranate peels of Wonderful cultivated in Calabria and dried with the innovative process, total phenolic substances, total flavonoids, vitamin C, vitamin E, and antioxidant activities were the highest. Great amounts of single phenolic acids and flavonoids were found in Calabrian Wonderful peels dried with the innovative process. Overall, it emerged that a great amount of bioactive and diverse compounds found in Calabrian Wonderful pomegranate peel comes from the niche pedoclimatic conditions, and the physic drying innovative methodology turned out to be an advantageous procedure to concentrate and conserve biocompounds.
石榴在世界范围内的使用量正在增加，因为它被认为是一种美味健康的食物。它主要用作水果、果汁和果酱。石榴皮约占总果实重量的 40-50%，含有众多多样的生物活性物质。本研究的目的是分析在意大利南部种植的奇妙石榴皮的化学成分，并与经过创新物理干燥浓缩处理的奇妙石榴皮、在意大利南部种植的冻干奇妙石榴皮、在南非种植的冻干奇妙石榴皮和在印度种植的冻干石榴皮的化学成分进行比较。具体目的是验证生长区域、品种类型和干燥程序对果皮中有价值的生物活性化合物的化学成分有多大影响。使用分光光度法和 HPLC 鉴定方法来检测抗氧化剂、抗氧化活性以及酚类和类黄酮成分。结果表明，在卡拉布里亚种植并采用创新工艺干燥的奇妙石榴皮中，总酚类物质、总黄酮类物质、维生素 C、维生素 E 和抗氧化活性最高。在采用创新工艺干燥的卡拉布里亚奇妙石榴皮中发现了大量的单一酚酸和类黄酮。总的来说，卡拉布里亚奇妙石榴皮中含有大量的生物活性和多样的化合物，这源于特定的土壤气候条件，而物理干燥的创新方法被证明是一种浓缩和保存生物化合物的有利方法。
