Palazzolo Stefano, Canzonieri Vincenzo, Rizzolio Flavio
Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) Istituto di ricovero e cura a carattere scientifico (IRCCS), Aviano, Italy.
Department of Molecular Science and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscary University, Venice, Italy.
Front Oncol. 2022 Aug 24;12:948843. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.948843. eCollection 2022.
Small extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the last 20 years are demonstrated to possess promising properties as potential new drug delivery systems, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets. Moreover, EVs are described to be involved in the most important steps of tumor development and progression including drug resistance. The acquired or intrinsic capacity of cancer cells to resist chemotherapies is one of the greatest obstacles to overcome to improve the prognosis of many patients. EVs are involved in this mechanism by exporting the drugs outside the cells and transferring the drug efflux pumps and miRNAs in recipient cells, in turn inducing drug resistance. In this mini-review, the main mechanisms by which EVs are involved in drug resistance are described, giving a rapid and clear overview of the field to the readers.
在过去20年中，已证明细胞外小囊泡（EVs）作为潜在的新型药物递送系统、生物标志物和治疗靶点具有良好的特性。此外，EVs被认为参与了肿瘤发生和进展的最重要步骤，包括耐药性。癌细胞获得性或内在性的化疗耐药能力是改善许多患者预后需克服的最大障碍之一。EVs通过将药物输出细胞外并在受体细胞中转移药物外排泵和微小RNA（miRNAs）参与这一机制，进而诱导耐药性。在这篇小型综述中，描述了EVs参与耐药性的主要机制，为读者提供该领域的快速清晰概述。
