Gahlan Preeti, Gupta Deebanshu, Mutha Samkit, Shah Sanjay, Patel Tejas
Department of Cardiology, Smt. Nathiba Hargovandas Lakhmichand Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad, India.
Apex Heart Institute, Ahmedabad, India.
Angiology. 2023 Oct;74(9):876-880. doi: 10.1177/00033197221126251. Epub 2022 Sep 13.
Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is defined as abnormal dilation of a coronary artery ≥1.5 times the normal segment. We aimed to determine the prevalence and clinical predictors of CAE. This was a prospective analysis performed on 6465 patients undergoing coronary angiography. Patients were divided based on the presence or absence of CAE and compared for angiographic characteristics and clinical risk factors. The prevalence of CAE was 7%, CAE associated with coronary artery stenosis was 5.4%, and isolated CAE was 1.6%. The mean age of presentation in CAE patients was 60 years, with male predominance (83.8%) and stable angina was the most common presentation. The left anterior descending artery (LAD) (51.7%) was the most commonly involved vessel, with diffuse ectasia more commonly seen in right coronary artery and discrete ectasia in LAD. Type 4 CAE was the most common type (92.4%). Hypertension, diabetes, smoking, dyslipidemia, and obesity were found in 62.4%, 35.3%, 45.3%, 54.9%, and 23.3%, respectively in CAE patients, with significant association with smoking (Odds Ratio = 3.06). The prevalence of CAE was 7% and was frequently associated with atherosclerotic coronary disease. Smoking was a significant predisposing factor for CAE.
冠状动脉扩张（CAE）被定义为冠状动脉异常扩张，其直径≥正常节段的1.5倍。我们旨在确定CAE的患病率及临床预测因素。这是一项对6465例行冠状动脉造影术的患者进行的前瞻性分析。根据是否存在CAE将患者分组，并比较其血管造影特征和临床危险因素。CAE的患病率为7%，与冠状动脉狭窄相关的CAE为5.4%，孤立性CAE为1.6%。CAE患者的平均就诊年龄为60岁，以男性为主（83.8%），最常见的表现为稳定型心绞痛。左前降支（LAD）（51.7%）是最常受累的血管，右冠状动脉更常见弥漫性扩张，而LAD则常见节段性扩张。4型CAE是最常见的类型（92.4%）。CAE患者中高血压、糖尿病、吸烟、血脂异常和肥胖的发生率分别为62.4%、35.3%、45.3%、54.9%和23.3%，与吸烟有显著相关性（比值比=3.06）。CAE的患病率为7%，且常与动脉粥样硬化性冠状动脉疾病相关。吸烟是CAE的一个重要诱发因素。
