Diehl Elisabeth, Hiss David, Wege Aline, Hirschmüller Anna, Nienhaus Albert, Letzel Stephan
Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Str. 67, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
Department for Occupational Medicine, Hazardous Substances and Health Science, Institution for Accident Insurance and Prevention in the Health and Welfare Services (BGW), Pappelallee 33/35/37, 22089 Hamburg, Germany.
Geriatrics (Basel). 2022 Sep 9;7(5):94. doi: 10.3390/geriatrics7050094.
(1) Background: The aim of this qualitative study was to examine pandemic-related changes in nursing work in nursing homes, the resulting work-related stresses and external as well as internal alleviating measures. (2) Methods: We conducted 10 interviews from March to June 2021 with nurses from eight facilities. Data were analysed according to qualitative content analysis. (3) Results: Nurses faced increased workloads due to regulations and guidelines paired with staffing shortages. Work became more difficult due to personal protective equipment (PPE), conflict with residents' relatives and, in the case of outbreaks, excess death and suffering. Nurse-to-resident care work became more emotionally demanding, with residents more distressed due to the lockdown, while families and social workers were not allowed into the facility. Residents with dementia posed an additional challenge, as they did not remember hygiene and distancing rules. Internal and external measures were not sufficient to alleviate the situation. However, some measures, such as training programmes or existing palliative care concepts, were considered helpful. (4) Conclusions: Facing other possible upcoming pandemics, ways to improve facility administration to prepare for future pandemics are highly needed, such as regular training programmes to prepare for possible lockdown scenarios, PPE use or potential hygiene measures.
（1）背景：这项定性研究的目的是调查养老院护理工作中与疫情相关的变化、由此产生的工作压力以及外部和内部的缓解措施。（2）方法：2021年3月至6月，我们对来自八个机构的护士进行了10次访谈。数据根据定性内容分析法进行分析。（3）结果：由于规章制度以及人员短缺，护士面临工作量增加的问题。由于个人防护装备（PPE）、与居民亲属的冲突，以及在疫情爆发时出现的过多死亡和痛苦，工作变得更加困难。护士对居民的护理工作在情感上的要求更高，由于封锁，居民更加痛苦，而家属和社会工作者则不被允许进入机构。患有痴呆症的居民带来了额外的挑战，因为他们不记得卫生和社交距离规则。内部和外部措施不足以缓解这种情况。然而，一些措施，如培训计划或现有的姑息治疗理念，被认为是有帮助的。（4）结论：面对未来可能出现的其他疫情，迫切需要改进机构管理以应对未来疫情的方法，例如定期开展培训计划，为可能的封锁情况、个人防护装备的使用或潜在的卫生措施做好准备。
