Mu Bo, Niu Chang, Shi Jingping, Li Rumei, Yu Chao, Yin Kuiying
Nanjing Research Institute of Electronic Technology, Nanjing 210019, China.
Neurology Department of the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
Brain Sci. 2022 Sep 1;12(9):1173. doi: 10.3390/brainsci12091173.
The cerebellar region has four times as many brain cells as the brain, but whether the cerebellum functions in cognition, and how it does so, remain unexplored. In order to verify whether the cerebellum is involved in cognition, we chose to investigate whether the cerebellum is involved in the process of error judgment. We designed an experiment in which we could activate the subject's error-related potentials (ErrP). We recruited 26 subjects and asked them to wear EEG caps with cerebellar regions designed by us to participate in the experiment so that we could record their EEG activity throughout the experiment. We successfully mitigated the majority of noise interference after a series of pre-processing of the data collected from each subject. Our analysis of the preprocessed data revealed that our experiment successfully activated ErrP, and that the EEG signals, including the cerebellum, were significantly different when subjects made errors compared to when they made correct judgments. We designed a feature extraction method that requires selecting channels with large differences under different classifications, firstly by extracting the time-frequency features of these channels, and then screening these features with sequence backward feature (SBS) selection. We use the extracted features as the input and different event types in EEG data as the labels for multiple classifiers to classify the data in the executive and feedback segments, where the average accuracy for two-class classification of executive segments can reach 80.5%. The major contribution of our study is the discovery of the presence of ErrP in cerebellar regions and the extraction of an effective feature extraction method for EEG data.
小脑区域的脑细胞数量是大脑的四倍，但小脑是否在认知中发挥作用以及如何发挥作用仍未得到探索。为了验证小脑是否参与认知，我们选择研究小脑是否参与错误判断过程。我们设计了一个实验，在该实验中可以激活受试者的错误相关电位（ErrP）。我们招募了26名受试者，并要求他们佩戴我们设计的带有小脑区域的脑电图帽来参与实验，以便我们能够在整个实验过程中记录他们的脑电图活动。在对从每个受试者收集的数据进行一系列预处理后，我们成功减轻了大部分噪声干扰。我们对预处理后的数据进行分析，结果显示我们的实验成功激活了ErrP，并且当受试者犯错时与做出正确判断时相比，包括小脑在内的脑电图信号存在显著差异。我们设计了一种特征提取方法，该方法需要在不同分类下选择差异较大的通道，首先提取这些通道的时频特征，然后用序列后向特征（SBS）选择对这些特征进行筛选。我们将提取的特征作为输入，并将脑电图数据中的不同事件类型作为标签，用于多个分类器对执行和反馈段中的数据进行分类，其中执行段二分类的平均准确率可达80.5%。我们研究的主要贡献在于发现了小脑区域存在ErrP，并提取了一种有效的脑电图数据特征提取方法。
