Lianou Daphne T, Michael Charalambia K, Petinaki Efthymia, Mavrogianni Vasia S, Fthenakis George C
Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece.
University Hospital of Larissa, 41110 Larissa, Greece.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Aug 23;10(9):1372. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10091372.
This paper reports findings regarding patterns of vaccine usage in sheep and goat farms, in 325 sheep flocks and 119 goat herds throughout Greece. The objectives of the study were (a) to describe the patterns of vaccine administration in small ruminant farms and (b) to highlight factors that were associated with vaccinations in the farms. Vaccination against brucellosis was performed in all farms into the study. Among optional vaccinations, anti-clostridial vaccination was most frequently performed (in 97.8% of farms), followed by vaccination against contagious agalactia, (56.5% of farms), pneumonia (41.2%), chlamydial abortion (38.1%), staphylococcal mastitis (36.0%), and paratuberculosis (9.5%). Vaccinations against pneumonia and staphylococcal mastitis were performed more frequently in sheep flocks, whilst vaccinations against paratuberculosis were performed more frequently in goat herds. On average, 2.8 and 2.7 optional vaccinations (i.e., additionally to vaccination against brucellosis) were performed in sheep and goat farms, respectively. The increased number of vaccines administered was associated with a higher average milk production in the respective farms. There was an association of vaccination against staphylococcal mastitis with a reduced recovery of staphylococci from the bulk-tank raw milk. In multivariable analyses, significant associations of the administration of the various optional vaccines were seen with 15 variables, 11 related to health management practices and 4 related to the demographic characteristics of farmers; the collaboration with a veterinarian, the daily number of milking sessions, and the period spent daily by the farmer at the farm premises were each associated with the administration of vaccines against three infections.
本文报告了希腊全国325个绵羊群和119个山羊群的绵羊和山羊养殖场疫苗使用模式的研究结果。该研究的目的是：（a）描述小型反刍动物养殖场的疫苗接种模式；（b）突出养殖场中与疫苗接种相关的因素。所有纳入研究的养殖场都进行了布鲁氏菌病疫苗接种。在可选疫苗接种中，抗梭菌疫苗接种最为频繁（97.8%的养殖场），其次是传染性无乳症疫苗接种（56.5%的养殖场）、肺炎疫苗接种（41.2%）、衣原体流产疫苗接种（38.1%）、葡萄球菌性乳腺炎疫苗接种（36.0%）和副结核病疫苗接种（9.5%）。绵羊群中肺炎和葡萄球菌性乳腺炎疫苗接种更为频繁，而山羊群中副结核病疫苗接种更为频繁。绵羊养殖场和山羊养殖场平均分别进行了2.8次和2.7次可选疫苗接种（即除布鲁氏菌病疫苗接种外）。接种疫苗数量的增加与各养殖场较高的平均产奶量相关。葡萄球菌性乳腺炎疫苗接种与从奶罐原料奶中分离出葡萄球菌的回收率降低有关。在多变量分析中，各种可选疫苗的接种与15个变量存在显著关联，其中11个与健康管理措施有关，4个与养殖者的人口统计学特征有关；与兽医的合作、每日挤奶次数以及养殖者每天在养殖场的停留时间均与针对三种感染的疫苗接种有关。
