Department of Medical Oncology, Jieyang People's Hospital, Jieyang, China.
Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
Front Public Health. 2022 Sep 6;10:952087. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.952087. eCollection 2022.
Esophageal cancer is a global health concern. Regularly updated data about the burden of esophageal cancer are essential for formulating specific public policies. We aimed to estimate the global, regional, and national burden and trends of esophageal cancer and its attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2019, by age, sex and socio-demographic index (SDI).
Data about the incidence, death, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and age-standardized rates were collected from Global Burden of Disease study 2019. Estimated annual percentage changes were used to quantify the temporal trends of age-standardized rates. Moreover, the risk factors attributable to esophageal cancer deaths were also presented.
There were 534,563 incident cases and 498,067 deaths in 2019, contributing to 11,666,017 DALYs. The absolute numbers of incidence, death, and DALYs had increased from 1990 to 2019, contrasting with declined changes in their corresponding age-standardized rates. The burden of esophageal cancer varied across different regions and countries, and the age-standardized rates were negative with SDI. Almost half of the esophageal cancer was concentrated in China. Males accounted for most of the burden of esophageal cancer, and the onset age tended to be older. The death of esophageal cancer was primarily attributable to smoking, followed by alcohol use, high body mass index, diet low in fruits and diet low in vegetables.
The burden of esophageal cancer was heterogeneous across regions and countries by sex, age, and SDI, providing information for governments that may help to formulate more targeted policies.
食管癌是全球关注的健康问题。定期更新食管癌负担的数据对于制定具体的公共政策至关重要。我们旨在估计全球、区域和国家食管癌的负担和趋势，以及 1990 年至 2019 年期间年龄、性别和社会人口指数（SDI）的相关风险因素。
从 2019 年全球疾病负担研究中收集了食管癌发病率、死亡率、残疾调整生命年（DALYs）和年龄标准化率的数据。使用估计的年变化百分比来量化年龄标准化率的时间趋势。此外，还报告了导致食管癌死亡的风险因素。
2019 年有 534563 例新发病例和 498067 例死亡，导致 11666017 个 DALYs。发病率、死亡率和 DALYs 的绝对数量从 1990 年到 2019 年有所增加，而相应的年龄标准化率则呈下降趋势。食管癌的负担在不同地区和国家存在差异，且与 SDI 呈负相关。近一半的食管癌集中在中国。男性占食管癌负担的大部分，发病年龄趋于更大。食管癌的死亡主要归因于吸烟，其次是饮酒、高身体质量指数、水果摄入不足和蔬菜摄入不足。
食管癌的负担在不同地区和国家存在性别、年龄和 SDI 方面的异质性，为政府提供了信息，可能有助于制定更有针对性的政策。
