Hussein Kamal, Ahmed Ahmed F, Omar Magda M A, Galhom Rania A, Salah Mostafa, Elrouby Ola, Nassar Yasser
Animal Surgery, Anesthesia, and Radiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Human Anatomy & Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Heliyon. 2022 Sep 22;8(9):e10736. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10736. eCollection 2022 Sep.
In response to COVID-19 global crisis and arising from social responsibility, efforts have been exerted to promptly research, develop and manufacture ICU ventilators locally to meet the spike in demand. This study : Evaluating the safety and performance of a newly developed mechanical ventilator; EZVent compared to a commercial ventilator regarding hemodynamics, arterial blood gases (ABG), lung inflammatory markers, and histopathology in a healthy pig model using three different ventilation modes. Eight adult male pigs were anesthetized and randomly assigned into two equal groups: Commercial vent and EZVent group, the animals of which were ventilated using a standard commercial ventilator and EZVent, respectively. On every animal, three ventilation modes were tested, each mode for 30 min: CMV-VC, CMV-PC, and CPAP-PS modes. Vital signs, ECG, Lung Mechanics (LM), and ABG were measured before ventilation and after 30 min of ventilation of each mode. After animals' euthanasia, histological examinations of lung samples including morphometric assessment of alveolar edema, alveolar wall thickening, and the mean number of inflammatory cellular infiltrate/cm of lung tissue were analyzed. TNF-α and Il-6 expression and localization in lung tissue were assessed by western blot and immunohistochemistry. The vital signs, LM, ABG, morphometric analysis, and histopathological score during the different ventilation modes showed non-significant differences between the study groups. TNF-α and IL-6 were minimally expressed in the bronchiolar epithelium and the alveolar septa. Their increased expression level was insignificant. EZVent is equivalent to the commercial ventilator regarding its safety and efficacy.
为应对新冠疫情全球危机并出于社会责任，各方已努力在本地迅速开展研究、开发和生产重症监护室呼吸机，以满足激增的需求。本研究：在健康猪模型中，使用三种不同通气模式，比较一种新开发的机械呼吸机EZVent与商用呼吸机在血流动力学、动脉血气（ABG）、肺部炎症标志物和组织病理学方面的安全性和性能。八只成年雄性猪麻醉后随机分为两组，每组数量相等：商用呼吸机组和EZVent组，两组动物分别使用标准商用呼吸机和EZVent进行通气。对每只动物测试三种通气模式，每种模式持续30分钟：容量控制通气（CMV-VC）、压力控制通气（CMV-PC）和持续气道正压-压力支持通气（CPAP-PS）模式。在每种模式通气前及通气30分钟后测量生命体征、心电图、肺力学（LM）和动脉血气。动物安乐死后，对肺组织样本进行组织学检查，包括对肺泡水肿、肺泡壁增厚以及肺组织每厘米炎症细胞浸润平均数的形态学评估。通过蛋白质免疫印迹法和免疫组织化学法评估肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和白细胞介素-6（Il-6）在肺组织中的表达及定位。不同通气模式下的生命体征、肺力学、动脉血气、形态学分析和组织病理学评分在研究组之间无显著差异。TNF-α和IL-6在细支气管上皮和肺泡间隔中表达极少。其表达水平的升高不显著。EZVent在安全性和有效性方面与商用呼吸机相当。
