Wanselius Julia, Larsson Christel, Berg Christina, Öhrvik Veronica, Lindroos Anna Karin, Lissner Lauren
Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Läroverksgatan 5 Box 300, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Science Division, Swedish Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden.
Public Health Nutr. 2022 Sep 30;25(12):1-12. doi: 10.1017/S1368980022002178.
The Keyhole is an internationally recognised front-of-pack nutrition label, guiding consumers to healthier food options. It indicates products in accordance with specific criteria for dietary fats, sugars, fibres, salt and wholegrains. The objective of this study was to simulate the potential impact of the Keyhole on adolescents' energy and nutrient intakes by modelling a shift from reported food intakes to foods meeting the Keyhole criteria.
Self-reported dietary intake data were derived from a cross-sectional survey. Multiple replacement scenarios were calculated, where foods meeting the Keyhole criteria replaced reported non-compliant foods with varying proportions of replacement.
Dietary survey 'Riksmaten Adolescents 2016-2017' in schools across Sweden.
A nationally representative sample of 3099 adolescents in school years 5, 8 and 11 (55 % girls).
Overall, replacement with foods meeting the Keyhole criteria led to more adolescents meeting nutrition recommendations. Largest median intake improvements were seen for wholegrains (+196 %), SFA (-13 %), PUFA (+17 %) and fibres (+15 %). Smallest improvements were seen for free sugars (-3 %) and salt (-2 %), partly explained by the ineligibility of main food sources of free sugars for the Keyhole, and non-inclusion of ready meals that are often high in salt. Most micronutrient intakes were stable or improved. Unintentional effects included decreases in vitamin A, MUFA and energy intakes. Largest potential improvements in fat and fibre sources were observed in the youngest age group.
A shift to Keyhole alternatives for everyday foods would improve adolescents' nutrient intakes, even with smaller exchanges.
“锁眼”是一种国际认可的包装正面营养标签，引导消费者选择更健康的食物。它根据膳食脂肪、糖、纤维、盐和全谷物的特定标准来标注产品。本研究的目的是通过模拟从报告的食物摄入量向符合“锁眼”标准的食物转变，来评估“锁眼”对青少年能量和营养摄入的潜在影响。
自我报告的膳食摄入数据来自一项横断面调查。计算了多种替代方案，即用符合“锁眼”标准的食物以不同比例替代报告的不符合标准的食物。
瑞典全国范围内的“2016 - 2017年青少年饮食调查”，调查地点为瑞典各地的学校。
从5年级、8年级和11年级的学生中抽取的3099名具有全国代表性的青少年样本（55%为女生）。
总体而言，用符合“锁眼”标准的食物替代后，更多青少年达到了营养推荐标准。全谷物（+196%）、饱和脂肪酸（-13%）、多不饱和脂肪酸（+17%）和纤维（+15%）的摄入量中位数改善最大。游离糖（-3%）和盐（-2%）的改善最小，部分原因是游离糖的主要食物来源不符合“锁眼”标准，以及未纳入通常含盐量高的即食食品。大多数微量营养素的摄入量保持稳定或有所改善。非预期影响包括维生素A、单不饱和脂肪酸和能量摄入量的下降。在最年轻的年龄组中，脂肪和纤维来源的潜在改善最大。
即使是较小程度的替换，转向符合“锁眼”标准的日常食物替代品也会改善青少年的营养摄入。
