Bugmyrin S V, Romanova L Yu, Belova O A, Kholodilov I S, Bespyatova L A, Chernokhaeva L L, Gmyl L V, Klimentov A S, Ivannikova A Y, Polienko A E, Yakovlev A S, Ieshko E P, Gmyl A P, Karganova G G
Institute of Biology, Karelian Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 11 Pushkinskaya St., Petrozavodsk 185910, Russia.
FSASI "Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS" (Institute of Poliomyelitis), prem. 8, k.17, pos. Institut Poliomyelita, poselenie Moskovskiy, Moscow 108811, Russia; Institute for Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov University, Moscow 119146, Russia.
Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 2022 Nov;13(6):102045. doi: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.102045. Epub 2022 Sep 24.
Ixodid ticks (Acarina, Ixodidae) are vectors of dangerous human infections. The main tick species that determine the epidemiological situation for tick-borne diseases in northern Europe are Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes persulcatus. In recent years, significant changes in the number and distribution of these species have been observed, accompanied by an expansion of the sympatric range. This work summarizes the data of long-term studies carried out in Karelia since 2007 on the infection of I. persulcatus and I. ricinus ticks with various pathogens, including new viruses with unclear pathogenic potential. As a result, tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV, Siberian genotype), Alongshan virus, several representatives of the family Phenuiviridae, Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia garinii, Ehrlichia muris, Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae and Candidatus Lariskella arthropodarum were identified. Data were obtained on the geographical and temporal variability of tick infection rates with these main pathogens. The average infection rates of I. persulcatus with TBEV and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato were 4.4% and 23.4% and those of I. ricinus were 1.1% and 11.9%, respectively. We did not find a correlation between the infection rate of ticks with TBEV, B. burgdorferi s.l. and Ehrlichia muris/chaffeensis with the sex of the vector. In general, the peculiarities of the epidemiological situation in Karelia are determined by the wide distribution and high abundance of I. persulcatus ticks and by their relatively high infection rate with TBEV and B. burgdorferi s.l. in most of the territory, including the periphery of the range.
硬蜱（蜱螨目，硬蜱科）是人类危险感染的传播媒介。在北欧，决定蜱传疾病流行病学状况的主要蜱种是蓖麻硬蜱和全沟硬蜱。近年来，观察到这些蜱种的数量和分布发生了显著变化，同时同域分布范围有所扩大。这项工作总结了自2007年以来在卡累利阿进行的长期研究数据，这些研究涉及全沟硬蜱和蓖麻硬蜱感染各种病原体的情况，包括致病潜力不明的新病毒。结果，鉴定出了蜱传脑炎病毒（TBEV，西伯利亚基因型）、阿龙山病毒、菲努病毒科的几个代表种、阿氏疏螺旋体、伽氏疏螺旋体、鼠埃立克体、拟塔拉塞维奇立克次氏体和节肢动物拟拉里斯凯氏体。获得了这些主要病原体导致蜱感染率的地理和时间变异性数据。全沟硬蜱感染TBEV和广义伯氏疏螺旋体的平均感染率分别为4.4%和23.4%，蓖麻硬蜱的平均感染率分别为1.1%和11.9%。我们没有发现蜱感染TBEV、广义伯氏疏螺旋体以及鼠埃立克体/恰菲埃立克体的感染率与传播媒介性别之间存在相关性。总体而言，卡累利阿流行病学状况的特点是全沟硬蜱分布广泛且数量众多，并且在该地区大部分地区，包括分布范围的周边地区，其感染TBEV和广义伯氏疏螺旋体的比例相对较高。
