Obert Jonathan, Pearlman Michelle, Obert Lois, Chapin Sarah
Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Louisville, Louisville, USA.
Digestive and Liver Disease, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA.
Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2017 Nov 9;19(12):61. doi: 10.1007/s11894-017-0603-8.
The purpose of this paper is to review the epidemiology of obesity and the most recent literature on popular fad diets and exercise regimens that are used for weight loss. The weight loss plans that will be discussed in this article include juicing or detoxification diets, intermittent fasting, the paleo diet, and high intensity training.
Despite the growing popularity of fad diets and exercise plans for weight loss, there are limited studies that actually suggest these particular regimens are beneficial and lead to long-term weight loss. Juicing or detoxification diets tend to work because they lead to extremely low caloric intake for short periods of time, however tend to lead to weight gain once a normal diet is resumed. Both intermittent fasting and the paleo diet lead to weight loss because of overall decreased caloric intake as well. Lastly, studies on short bursts of high intensity training have shown remarkable weight loss and improvements in cardiovascular health. Review of the literature does suggest that some fad diets and exercise plans do lead to weight loss; however, the studies are quite limited and are all based on the concept of caloric restriction.
本文旨在综述肥胖症的流行病学以及有关用于减肥的流行时尚饮食法和锻炼方案的最新文献。本文将讨论的减肥计划包括果蔬汁或排毒饮食法、间歇性禁食、古法饮食法和高强度训练。
尽管用于减肥的时尚饮食法和锻炼计划越来越受欢迎，但实际表明这些特定方案有益并能带来长期体重减轻的研究有限。果蔬汁或排毒饮食法往往有效，因为它们会在短时间内导致热量摄入极低，然而一旦恢复正常饮食，往往会导致体重增加。间歇性禁食和古法饮食法也因总体热量摄入减少而导致体重减轻。最后，关于短时间高强度训练的研究表明，体重显著减轻且心血管健康状况有所改善。文献综述确实表明，一些时尚饮食法和锻炼计划确实能导致体重减轻；然而，相关研究相当有限，且均基于热量限制的概念。
