Coultas D B, Howard C A, Peake G T, Skipper B J, Samet J M
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1987 Aug;136(2):305-9. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm/136.2.305.
We conducted a population-based household survey of respiratory disease in 2,029 children and adults and measured salivary cotinine levels by radioimmunoassay in 1,360 nonsmokers and ex-smokers. At all ages median and mean cotinine levels among nonsmokers and ex-smokers increased with the number of smokers in the home. The prevalence of a detectable level of cotinine was about 35% for those not living with a cigarette smoker and was greater with the number of cigarettes smoked by household members. In a multiple logistic regression model, the major determinants of a detectable level of cotinine in children were mother's smoking (odds ratio (OR) = 3.2), father's smoking (OR = 2.1), and smoking of other household members (OR = 4.0). Among adults, the effects of spouse's smoking were smaller with OR = 1.3 and 1.4 for husband's and wife's smoking, respectively. We conclude that in the general population cotinine can be frequently detected in the saliva of nonsmokers, even among those not living with a smoker.
我们对2029名儿童和成人进行了一项基于人群的呼吸道疾病家庭调查，并通过放射免疫分析法对1360名非吸烟者和已戒烟者的唾液可替宁水平进行了测量。在所有年龄段，非吸烟者和已戒烟者的可替宁水平中位数和均值均随家中吸烟者数量的增加而升高。对于那些不与吸烟者同住的人来说，可检测到可替宁水平的患病率约为35%，且随着家庭成员吸烟数量的增加而升高。在多元逻辑回归模型中，儿童可检测到可替宁水平的主要决定因素是母亲吸烟（优势比（OR）=3.2）、父亲吸烟（OR = 2.1）以及其他家庭成员吸烟（OR = 4.0）。在成年人中，配偶吸烟的影响较小，丈夫吸烟和妻子吸烟的OR分别为1.3和1.4。我们得出结论，在一般人群中，即使在不与吸烟者同住的非吸烟者唾液中也能经常检测到可替宁。
