El Khawli Elissa, Keller Anita C, Agostini Maximilian, Gützkow Ben, Kreienkamp Jannis, Leander N Pontus, Scheibe Susanne
University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
J Vocat Behav. 2022 Dec;139:103792. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2022.103792. Epub 2022 Oct 1.
Crises like the COVID-19 pandemic can trigger concerns about loss of employment and changes in work conditions, and thereby increase job insecurity. Yet, little is known about how perceived job insecurity subsequently unfolds over time and how individual differences in habitual coping moderate such a trajectory. Using longitudinal data from 899 US-based participants across 5 waves (March to June 2020), we investigated the trajectory of job insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic and how this trajectory depended on habitual coping strategies such as planning, reappraisal, and distraction. Results from latent growth curve analysis indicated that, on average, job insecurity initially increased and then decreased after signing of the coronavirus stimulus bill, suggesting a pattern of shock followed by adjustment. During the shock phase, habitual use of distraction was related to less increases in job insecurity. Later during the adjustment phase, decreases in job insecurity were more pronounced for individuals with higher habitual use of planning, but were not affected by reappraisal or distraction. Hence, different coping strategies appear beneficial in different phases of adjustment, and the beneficial effect of planning may take time to manifest. Altogether, our study highlights how in the context of extraordinary and uncontrollable events, coping strategies can impact the trajectory of a stressor.
像新冠疫情这样的危机可能引发对失业和工作条件变化的担忧，从而加剧工作不安全感。然而，对于感知到的工作不安全感随后如何随时间演变，以及习惯性应对方式的个体差异如何调节这种轨迹，我们却知之甚少。利用来自899名美国参与者的五轮纵向数据（2020年3月至6月），我们研究了新冠疫情期间工作不安全感的轨迹，以及该轨迹如何取决于习惯性应对策略，如计划、重新评估和分心。潜在增长曲线分析结果表明，平均而言，工作不安全感在签署冠状病毒刺激法案后最初上升，然后下降，呈现出先冲击后调整的模式。在冲击阶段，习惯性地使用分心策略与工作不安全感的较少增加有关。在后期的调整阶段，对于习惯性使用计划策略较多的个体，工作不安全感的下降更为明显，但不受重新评估或分心策略的影响。因此，不同的应对策略在调整的不同阶段似乎都有益处，而且计划策略的有益效果可能需要时间才能显现。总之，我们的研究凸显了在特殊且不可控事件的背景下，应对策略如何能够影响压力源的轨迹。
