A mutagen assay detecting forward mutations in an arabinose-sensitive strain of Salmonella typhimurium.

Strain SV3 of Salmonella typhimurium is sensitive to arabinose, that is, unable to grow in a medium containing arabinose plus glycerol as carbon source. Arabinose resistance is the consequence of the mutational inactivation of one of at least three different genes. The selection of arabinose-resistant mutants provides a simple and sensitive assay for the detection of weak mutagens and for refined quantitative studies of strong ones. The assay is not influenced by experimental artifacts derived from physiological or lethal effects or from differences in plating density. Such artifacts are common with other bacterial mutagen assays, including those using strains analogous to SV3. As practical examples, the assay was used with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine and the fungicide captafol.