Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China.
Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
J Med Virol. 2023 Jan;95(1):e28212. doi: 10.1002/jmv.28212. Epub 2022 Oct 25.
The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has posed a serious threat to public health and has quickly become a global concern. The infection of SARS-CoV-2 begins with the binding of its spike protein to the receptor-angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which, after a series of conformation changes, results in the fusion of viral-cell membranes and the release of the viral RNA genome into the cytoplasm. In addition, infected host cells can express spike protein on their cell surface, which will interact with ACE2 on neighboring cells, leading to cell membrane fusion and the formation of multinucleated cells or syncytia. Both viral entry and syncytia formation are mediated by spike-ACE2 interaction and share some common mechanisms of membrane fusion. Here in this review, we will summarize our current understanding of spike-mediated membrane fusion, which may shed light on future broad-spectrum antiviral development.
由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2(SARS-CoV-2)引起的大流行对公共卫生造成了严重威胁,并迅速成为全球关注的焦点。SARS-CoV-2 的感染始于其刺突蛋白与受体血管紧张素转换酶 2(ACE2)的结合,在一系列构象变化后,导致病毒细胞膜融合和病毒 RNA 基因组释放到细胞质中。此外,感染的宿主细胞可以在其细胞表面表达刺突蛋白,这将与邻近细胞上的 ACE2 相互作用,导致细胞膜融合和多核细胞或合胞体的形成。病毒进入和合胞体形成均由刺突-ACE2 相互作用介导,并且共享一些共同的膜融合机制。在这篇综述中,我们将总结我们对刺突介导的膜融合的现有认识,这可能为未来广谱抗病毒药物的开发提供思路。