Department of Medicine, Section of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2022 Oct 13;17(10):e0274905. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274905. eCollection 2022.
A number of modifiable risk factors have been designated as being causally related to cancer development. We aimed to estimate the percentage of incident cancer cases diagnosed in persons aged ≥25 years in Texas in 2015, overall and by race/ethnicity, that were attributable to these modifiable risk factors.
We calculated population attributable fractions (PAFs) for cancers attributable to thirteen modifiable risk factors using prevalence data from the Texas Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, as well as relative risks estimates from prior studies and cancer incidence data from the Texas Cancer Registry.
Overall, 32.3% of all incident cancers (N = 33,416) in 2015 were attributable to modifiable risk factors. Men (35.1%) had a numerically higher overall PAF than women (29.5%). Tobacco smoking caused the highest proportion of cancers (18.4%), followed by overweight and obesity (6.6%) and excess alcohol consumption (2.9%). Non-Hispanic Blacks had a numerically higher overall PAF (36.8%) than non-Hispanic Whites (31.9%) and Hispanics (31.7%). Further, non-Hispanic Blacks had the highest combined PAFs for 85% of cancer sites analyzed, including lung/bronchus and mouth/pharynx/larynx.
Modifiable risk factors cause about one third of cancers in Texas. Non-Hispanic Blacks are especially affected by an excessive preventable cancer burden.
一些可改变的风险因素已被确定与癌症的发展有关。我们旨在估计 2015 年在德克萨斯州≥25 岁人群中诊断出的新发癌症病例中，归因于这些可改变的风险因素的百分比，总体上以及按种族/族裔划分。
我们使用来自德克萨斯州行为风险因素监测系统和国家健康和营养检查调查的流行率数据，以及来自先前研究的相对风险估计值和德克萨斯癌症登记处的癌症发病率数据，计算归因于 13 个可改变风险因素的癌症的人群归因分数（PAF）。
总体而言，2015 年所有新发癌症（N=33416）中有 32.3%归因于可改变的风险因素。男性（35.1%）的总体 PAF 数值高于女性（29.5%）。吸烟导致的癌症比例最高（18.4%），其次是超重和肥胖（6.6%）和过量饮酒（2.9%）。非西班牙裔黑人的总体 PAF（36.8%）数值高于非西班牙裔白人（31.9%）和西班牙裔（31.7%）。此外，非西班牙裔黑人在分析的 85%的癌症部位中具有最高的联合 PAF，包括肺/支气管和口/咽/喉。
可改变的风险因素导致德克萨斯州约三分之一的癌症。非西班牙裔黑人尤其受到可预防癌症负担过重的影响。
