Wiseman H M, Guest K, Murray V S, Volans G N
Hum Toxicol. 1987 Jul;6(4):293-301. doi: 10.1177/096032718700600406.
As background to a study of the effectiveness of packaging in preventing childhood poisoning, the National Poisons Information Service coordinated a prospective survey, in which 9 Accident and Emergency (A & E) departments and 5 paediatric departments, between July 1982 and February 1984, recorded 2043 cases of suspected accidental poisoning in children aged 0-60 months. The products implicated were drugs (59%), household products (37%) and plants (3%). The drugs most frequently implicated were analgesics, anxiolytics, cough medicines, oral contraceptives and drugs to supplement diet or treat dietary disorders. The most frequently implicated household products were cleaners such as bleach, detergent and disinfectant, and petroleum distillate. Seventy-five per cent of the children were 2 and 3-year-olds. Fifty-six per cent were male. Only 22% of the children had signs or symptoms on admission. In only 2 cases were these serious. Treatment other than ipecacuanha and/or oral fluids was seldom required. Of the cases where outcome was recorded, 56% were discharged from A & E. The rest were admitted to a ward; only 7 children were admitted to intensive care units. No child died. Comparison with HASS and other epidemiological surveys shows that these results are representative of national trends.
作为一项关于包装在预防儿童中毒方面有效性研究的背景资料，国家毒物信息服务中心协调开展了一项前瞻性调查。在1982年7月至1984年2月期间，9个 Accident and Emergency（A&E，急诊）科室和5个儿科科室记录了2043例0至60个月儿童疑似意外中毒病例。涉及的产品包括药品（59%）、家用产品（37%）和植物（3%）。最常涉及的药品是镇痛药、抗焦虑药、止咳药、口服避孕药以及补充饮食或治疗饮食失调的药物。最常涉及的家用产品是清洁剂，如漂白剂、洗涤剂和消毒剂，以及石油馏出物。75%的儿童年龄在2至3岁。56%为男性。只有22%的儿童在入院时有体征或症状。其中只有2例情况严重。除吐根糖浆和/或口服液外，很少需要其他治疗。在记录了结局的病例中，56%从急诊室出院。其余的被收治入院；只有7名儿童被送入重症监护病房。没有儿童死亡。与HASS及其他流行病学调查的比较表明，这些结果代表了全国趋势。
