Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Department of Public Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa.
Pan Afr Med J. 2022 Jul 14;42:205. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2022.42.205.35478. eCollection 2022.
the rate of hypertension has been increasing in Africa. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence and associated factors of undiagnosed hypertension (HTN) among adults in Sudan.
cross-sectional data were analyzed from 7,226 persons (18-69 years, median 37 years, interquartile range 27-49 years, 4557 were females) who participated in the 2016 Sudan STEPS survey, had complete blood pressure measurement and non-pregnant, and responded to a questionnaire, physical measures, and biomedical tests. Logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of undiagnosed HTN.
the prevalence of undiagnosed HTN was 26.2% (n=2057) (79.2% of total HTN), diagnosed HTN 6.9% (n=690) and total HTN 33.1% (n=2747). In multivariable analysis older age (50-69 years) (adjusted risk ratio-aRR: 2.49, 95% CI: 2.02-3.09; p<0.001), obesity (aRR: 2.51, 95% CI: 1.97-3.21; p<0.001), diabetes (aRR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.17-2.16; p=0.002) and elevated total cholesterol (aRR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.19-1.84; p<0.001) were positively associated and health care advice (aRR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.64-0.98; p=0.036) was negatively associated with undiagnosed HTN versus no HTN. Male sex (adjusted odds ratio-aOR: 2.22, 95% CI: 1.63-3.01; p<0.001) was positively associated, and older age (50-69 years) (aOR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.21-0.46; p<0.001), married (aOR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.33-0.62; p<0.001), urban residence (aOR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.51-0.96; p=0.022), health care advice (aOR: 0.32, 95% CI: 0.22-0.45; p<0.001), ever cholesterol measured (aOR: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.27-0.67; p<0.001), overweight (aOR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.47-0.85; p=0.003) and heart attack or stroke (aOR: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.17-0.55; p<0.001) were negatively associated with undiagnosed HTN versus diagnosed HTN.
one in four adults in Sudan had undiagnosed HTN (eight in ten of total HTN) and several associated factors that can help guide interventions were identified.
引言：高血压在非洲的发病率一直在上升。本研究旨在评估苏丹成年人中未确诊高血压（HTN）的患病率及相关因素。
方法：本研究分析了来自 7226 名成年人（18-69 岁，中位数 37 岁，四分位间距 27-49 岁，4557 名为女性）的横断面数据，这些参与者参加了 2016 年苏丹 STEPS 调查，完成了完整的血压测量，且无妊娠，并回答了一份问卷，进行了体格测量和生物医学检测。使用 logistic 回归来确定未确诊 HTN 的预测因素。
结果：未确诊 HTN 的患病率为 26.2%（n=2057）（总 HTN 的 79.2%），确诊 HTN 的患病率为 6.9%（n=690），总 HTN 的患病率为 33.1%（n=2747）。多变量分析显示，年龄在 50-69 岁（调整后的风险比-aRR：2.49，95%CI：2.02-3.09；p<0.001）、肥胖（aRR：2.51，95%CI：1.97-3.21；p<0.001）、糖尿病（aRR：1.59，95%CI：1.17-2.16；p=0.002）和总胆固醇升高（aRR：1.48，95%CI：1.19-1.84；p<0.001）与未确诊 HTN 呈正相关，而获得医疗建议（aRR：0.79，95%CI：0.64-0.98；p=0.036）与未确诊 HTN 呈负相关。男性（aOR：2.22，95%CI：1.63-3.01；p<0.001）与未确诊 HTN 呈正相关，年龄在 50-69 岁（aOR：0.31，95%CI：0.21-0.46；p<0.001）、已婚（aOR：0.45，95%CI：0.33-0.62；p<0.001）、居住在城市（aOR：0.70，95%CI：0.51-0.96；p=0.022）、获得医疗建议（aOR：0.32，95%CI：0.22-0.45；p<0.001）、曾经测量过胆固醇（aOR：0.43，95%CI：0.27-0.67；p<0.001）、超重（aOR：0.63，95%CI：0.47-0.85；p=0.003）和心脏病发作或中风（aOR：0.31，95%CI：0.17-0.55；p<0.001）与未确诊 HTN 呈负相关，与确诊 HTN 呈正相关。
结论：苏丹四分之一的成年人患有未确诊的 HTN（总 HTN 的八分之十），并且确定了一些可以帮助指导干预措施的相关因素。
