Bacterial Pulmonary Co-Infections on ICU Admission: Comparison in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza Acute Respiratory Failure: A Multicentre Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND

Few data are available on the impact of bacterial pulmonary co-infection (RespCoBact) during COVID-19 (CovRespCoBact). The aim of this study was to compare the prognosis of patients admitted to an ICU for pneumonia and for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia with and without RespCoBact.

METHODS

This was a multicentre ( = 11) observational study using the Outcomerea© database. Since 2008, all patients admitted with pneumonia or SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia and discharged before 30 June 2021 were included. Risk factors for day-60 death and for ventilator-associated-pneumonia (VAP) in patients with pneumonia or SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia with or without RespCoBact were determined.

RESULTS

Of the 1349 patients included, 157 were admitted for and 1192 for SARS-CoV-2. Compared with the patients, those with SARS-CoV-2 had lower severity scores, were more often under high-flow nasal cannula, were less often under invasive mechanical ventilation, and had less RespCoBact (8.2% for SARS-CoV-2 versus 24.8% for ). Day-60 death was significantly higher in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia with no increased risk of mortality with RespCoBact. Patients with and those with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia had no increased risk of VAP with RespCoBact.

CONCLUSIONS

SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia was associated with an increased risk of mortality compared with pneumonia. Bacterial pulmonary co-infections on admission were not associated with patient survival rates nor with an increased risk of VAP.