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减少校园欺凌发生率及其对学生影响的护理干预方法:一项范围综述

Method of Nursing Interventions to Reduce the Incidence of Bullying and Its Impact on Students in School: A Scoping Review.

作者信息

Yosep Iyus, Hikmat Rohman, Mardhiyah Ai, Hazmi Helmy, Hernawaty Taty

机构信息

Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.

Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.

出版信息

Healthcare (Basel). 2022 Sep 22;10(10):1835. doi: 10.3390/healthcare10101835.

Abstract

The bullying of students in schools can have a negative impact on students. The impact of bullying can take the form of anxiety, low psychological well-being, low social adjustment, psychological distress, and risk of suicide. Incidents of bullying are still considered normal, and there has not been a focus on reducing their incidence and impact. The purpose of this study is to describe nursing interventions to reduce the incidence of bullying and its impact on students at school. This study used the scoping review method and literature reviews via CINAHL, PubMed, and ProQuest databases. The keywords used in English were "bullying OR cyberbullying OR aggression" AND "students OR school students" AND "school OR schools" AND "nursing intervention". The criteria for articles in this study were: full texts, student populations and samples, randomized control trials or quasi-experiment research designs, use of the English language, and the publication period of the last 10 years (2013-2022). We found 11 articles discussing nursing interventions to reduce the incidence of bullying and its impact on students in schools. There are four types of interventions that can be provided to students, namely, prevention programs, activities programs, peer group programs, and resilience programs. Most of the articles used randomized control trials and quasi-experiment designs. The samples in the articles analyzed were in the range of 50-7121 students. These four types of interventions can reduce the incidence of bullying and its impact on students at school, and in addition, they can improve the social skills and mental health of students, for example, by increasing their self-efficacy, resilience, and adaptive coping. There are four nursing interventions to reduce the incidence of bullying and its impact on students in schools, namely, the prevention program, activities program, peer group program, and resilience program.

摘要

学校里学生遭受欺凌会对学生产生负面影响。欺凌的影响可能表现为焦虑、心理健康水平低、社交适应不良、心理困扰以及自杀风险。欺凌事件仍被视为正常现象,且尚未有人关注降低其发生率和影响。本研究的目的是描述护理干预措施,以降低学校中欺凌行为的发生率及其对学生的影响。本研究采用了范围综述法,并通过CINAHL、PubMed和ProQuest数据库进行文献综述。英文使用的关键词是“欺凌或网络欺凌或攻击行为”以及“学生或在校学生”以及“学校”以及“护理干预”。本研究中文章的标准为:全文、学生群体和样本、随机对照试验或准实验研究设计、使用英语以及过去10年(2013 - 2022年)的发表时间。我们发现11篇文章讨论了护理干预措施,以降低学校中欺凌行为的发生率及其对学生的影响。可以向学生提供四种类型的干预措施,即预防项目、活动项目、同伴群体项目和复原力项目。大多数文章采用了随机对照试验和准实验设计。所分析文章中的样本数量在50 - 7121名学生之间。这四种类型的干预措施可以降低学校中欺凌行为的发生率及其对学生的影响,此外,它们还可以提高学生的社交技能和心理健康,例如,通过增强他们的自我效能感、复原力和适应性应对能力。有四种护理干预措施可降低学校中欺凌行为的发生率及其对学生的影响,即预防项目、活动项目、同伴群体项目和复原力项目。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/50ad/9601817/94fe0fe91a4f/healthcare-10-01835-g001.jpg

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