School of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Oct 16;23(20):12394. doi: 10.3390/ijms232012394.
Gaertn. is an important perennial aquatic herb that has high ornamental, edible, medicinal, and economic value, being widely distributed and used in China. The NAC superfamily (NAM, ATAF1/2, CUC2) plays critical roles in plant growth, development, and response to abiotic and biotic stresses. Though there have been a few reports about NAC genes in lotus, systematic analysis is still relatively lacking. The present study aimed to characterize all the genes in the lotus and obtain better insights on the in response to salt stress by depending on ABA signaling. Here, 97 genes were identified by searching the whole lotus genome based on the raw HMM models of the conserved NAM domain and NAC domain. They were characterized by bioinformatics analysis and divided into 18 subgroups based on the phylogenetic tree. Cis-element analysis demonstrated that genes are responsive to biotic and abiotic stresses, light, low temperature, and plant hormones. Meanwhile, genes had tissue expression specificity. qRT-PCR analysis indicated that genes could be upregulated or downregulated by NaCl treatment, ABA, and fluoridone. In addition, , , and , whose encoding genes were significantly induced by NaCl and ABA, were located in the nucleus. Further analysis showed the three NAC proteins had transcriptional activation capabilities. The co-expression network analysis reflected that NAC proteins may form complexes with other proteins to play a role together. Our study provides a theoretical basis for further research to be conducted on the regulatory mechanisms of salinity resistance in the lotus.
野菱是一种重要的多年生水生草本植物，具有很高的观赏、食用、药用和经济价值，在中国广泛分布和应用。NAC 超家族（NAM、ATAF1/2、CUC2）在植物的生长、发育和对非生物及生物胁迫的响应中发挥着关键作用。尽管已有一些关于荷花 NAC 基因的报道，但系统分析仍相对缺乏。本研究旨在通过 ABA 信号对盐胁迫响应，对荷花中的所有基因进行鉴定和分类。通过基于保守 NAM 结构域和 NAC 结构域的原始 HMM 模型，从整个荷花基因组中搜索，共鉴定出 97 个基因。通过生物信息学分析对这些基因进行了特征描述，并根据系统发育树将其分为 18 个亚组。顺式作用元件分析表明，基因响应生物和非生物胁迫、光、低温和植物激素。同时，基因具有组织表达特异性。qRT-PCR 分析表明，基因可被 NaCl 处理、ABA 和氟啶酮上调或下调。此外，编码基因受 NaCl 和 ABA 显著诱导的 、 、 ，位于细胞核内。进一步分析表明，这三个 NAC 蛋白具有转录激活能力。共表达网络分析反映了 NAC 蛋白可能与其他蛋白质形成复合物共同发挥作用。本研究为进一步研究荷花耐盐性的调控机制提供了理论基础。
