Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
Sci Data. 2022 Oct 28;9(1):660. doi: 10.1038/s41597-022-01753-0.
Cultivated grapevines are commonly grafted on closely related species to cope with specific biotic and abiotic stress conditions. The three North American Vitis species V. riparia, V. rupestris, and V. berlandieri, are the main species used for breeding grape rootstocks. Here, we report the diploid chromosome-scale assembly of three widely used rootstocks derived from these species: Richter 110 (110R), Kober 5BB, and 101-14 Millardet et de Grasset (Mgt). Draft genomes of the three hybrids were assembled using PacBio HiFi sequences at an average coverage of 53.1 X-fold. Using the tool suite HaploSync, we reconstructed the two sets of nineteen chromosome-scale pseudomolecules for each genome with an average haploid genome size of 494.5 Mbp. Residual haplotype switches were resolved using shared-haplotype information. These three reference genomes represent a valuable resource for studying the genetic basis of grape adaption to biotic and abiotic stresses, and designing trait-associated markers for rootstock breeding programs.
栽培葡萄通常通过亲缘关系密切的物种进行嫁接，以应对特定的生物和非生物胁迫条件。北美三种葡萄物种 Vitis riparia、Vitis rupestris 和 Vitis berlandieri 是用于培育葡萄砧木的主要物种。在这里，我们报告了三个广泛使用的砧木品种的二倍体染色体尺度组装，这些品种分别来自 Richter 110（110R）、Kober 5BB 和 101-14 Millardet et de Grasset（Mgt）。使用 PacBio HiFi 序列对三个杂种的基因组进行了组装，平均覆盖率为 53.1X。使用 HaploSync 工具套件，我们为每个基因组重建了两套十九条染色体尺度的假染色体，平均单倍体基因组大小为 494.5 Mbp。使用共享单倍型信息解决了剩余的单倍型开关问题。这三个参考基因组为研究葡萄对生物和非生物胁迫的适应遗传基础以及为砧木育种计划设计与性状相关的标记提供了有价值的资源。
