Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, Virginia, USA.
Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
Tob Control. 2022 Nov;31(Suppl 3):s214-s222. doi: 10.1136/tc-2022-057515.
Restrictive e-cigarette policies may increase purchases from illegal sources. The Illegal Experimental Tobacco Marketplace (IETM) allows examination of how restrictions impact illegal purchases. We investigated (1) the effect of a vaping ban, total flavour vaping ban and partial flavour vaping ban on the probability of purchasing illegal vaping products among different regulatory environments (USA, Canada and England) and tobacco user types (cigarette smokers, dual users and e-cigarette users); and (2) the relation between ban endorsement and illegal purchases.
Participants (N=459) from the International Tobacco Control Survey rated their support of bans and chose to purchase from a hypothetical legal experimental tobacco marketplace or IETM under control and the three ban conditions.
In total, 25% of cigarette smokers, 67% of dual users and 79% of e-cigarette users made IETM purchases. Cross-country comparisons depicted dual users from Canada (OR: 19.8), and e-cigarette users from the USA (OR: 12.9) exhibited higher illegal purchases odds than the same user type in England. Within-country comparisons showed e-cigarette and dual users are more likely to purchase from the IETM than cigarette smokers in the most restrictive condition, with the largest effects in e-cigarette users (England-OR: 1722.6, USA-OR: 22725.3, Canada-OR: 6125.0). Increased opposition towards partial or total flavour ban was associated with increased IETM purchasing in the corresponding condition.
Vaping restrictions may shift users' preference to the illegal marketplace in a regulatory environment. Evidence of the IETM generalisability in a geographically dispersed sample enhances its utility in tobacco regulatory science.
限制电子烟政策可能会增加从非法来源购买电子烟的行为。非法实验烟草市场（IETM）允许研究这些限制对非法购买的影响。我们调查了（1）在不同监管环境（美国、加拿大和英国）和不同烟草使用者类型（香烟吸烟者、双重使用者和电子烟使用者）中，电子烟禁令、全面口味电子烟禁令和部分口味电子烟禁令对购买非法电子烟产品的概率的影响；以及（2）禁令支持与非法购买之间的关系。
来自国际烟草控制调查的参与者（N=459）对禁令的支持程度进行了评分，并在控制和三种禁令条件下选择从假设的合法实验烟草市场或 IETM 购买。
总共有 25%的香烟吸烟者、67%的双重使用者和 79%的电子烟使用者在 IETM 进行了购买。国家间比较显示，加拿大的双重使用者（OR：19.8）和美国的电子烟使用者（OR：12.9）比英国同类型使用者的非法购买可能性更高。国内比较显示，在最严格的条件下，电子烟和双重使用者比香烟吸烟者更有可能从 IETM 购买，电子烟使用者的效果最大（英国-OR：1722.6，美国-OR：22725.3，加拿大-OR：6125.0）。对部分或全面口味禁令的反对意见增加与在相应条件下增加 IETM 购买有关。
电子烟限制可能会使使用者在监管环境中偏好转向非法市场。在地理上分散的样本中 IETM 的可推广性的证据增强了它在烟草监管科学中的效用。
