Zhao Ruozhi, Fajardo Janice, Shen Garry X
Departments of Internal Medicine, Food and Human Nutritional Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada.
Microorganisms. 2023 Oct 25;11(11):2629. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11112629.
Intake of whole grain foods is associated with improving metabolic profile compared to refined grain products, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study examined the effects of brown rice (BRR) or germinated brown rice (GBR) supplementation on fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and relationship with gut microbiota, metabolism and inflammation in high fat (HF)-diet-fed mice. The results demonstrated that an HF diet supplemented with BRR or GBR comparably increased the abundance of fecal isobutyric acid compared to that in mice receiving HF+white rice (WHR) diet ( < 0.01). The abundance of valeric acid in HF+GBR-diet-fed mice was higher than those receiving HF+WHR diet ( < 0.05). The abundances of fecal isobutyric acid negatively correlated with fasting plasma glucose, insulin, cholesterol, triglycerides, tumor necrosis factor-α, plasminogen activator inhibit-1, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance ( < 0.01). The abundance of valeric acids negatively correlated with insulin resistance ( < 0.05). The abundances of isobutyric acid positively correlated with , but negatively correlated with genus bacteria ( < 0.05). The findings demonstrated that the increases in SCFAs in the feces of BRR and GBR-treated mice were associated with improvements in gut microbiome, metabolic and inflammatory profile, which may contribute to the antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects of the whole grains in HF-diet-fed mice.
与精制谷物产品相比，摄入全谷物食品与改善代谢状况有关，但其潜在机制仍不清楚。本研究检测了补充糙米（BRR）或发芽糙米（GBR）对高脂（HF）饮食喂养小鼠粪便短链脂肪酸（SCFA）的影响，以及与肠道微生物群、代谢和炎症的关系。结果表明，与接受HF+白米（WHR）饮食的小鼠相比，补充BRR或GBR的HF饮食可使粪便异丁酸丰度显著增加（<0.01）。HF+GBR饮食喂养小鼠的戊酸丰度高于接受HF+WHR饮食的小鼠（<0.05）。粪便异丁酸丰度与空腹血糖、胰岛素、胆固醇、甘油三酯、肿瘤坏死因子-α、纤溶酶原激活物抑制因子-1、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1和胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估呈负相关（<0.01）。戊酸丰度与胰岛素抵抗呈负相关（<0.05）。异丁酸丰度与 属细菌呈正相关，但与 属细菌呈负相关（<0.05）。研究结果表明，BRR和GBR处理小鼠粪便中SCFAs的增加与肠道微生物群、代谢和炎症状况的改善有关，这可能有助于全谷物对HF饮食喂养小鼠的抗糖尿病和抗炎作用。
