Poria Vikram, Dębiec-Andrzejewska Klaudia, Fiodor Angelika, Lyzohub Marharyta, Ajijah Nur, Singh Surender, Pranaw Kumar
Department of Microbiology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, India.
Department of Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Oct 21;13:999866. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.999866. eCollection 2022.
Land that has little to no utility for agriculture or industry is considered marginal land. This kind of terrain is frequently found on the edge of deserts or other arid regions. The amount of land that can be used for agriculture continues to be constrained by increasing desertification, which is being caused by climate change and the deterioration of agriculturally marginal areas. Plants and associated microorganisms are used to remediate and enhance the soil quality of marginal land. They represent a low-cost and usually long-term solution for restoring soil fertility. Among various phytoremediation processes (viz., phytodegradation, phytoextraction, phytostabilization, phytovolatilization, phytofiltration, phytostimulation, and phytodesalination), the employment of a specific mechanism is determined by the state of the soil, the presence and concentration of contaminants, and the plant species involved. This review focuses on the key economically important plants used for phytoremediation, as well as the challenges to plant growth and phytoremediation capability with emphasis on the advantages and limits of plant growth in marginal land soil. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) boost plant development and promote soil bioremediation by secreting a variety of metabolites and hormones, through nitrogen fixation, and by increasing other nutrients' bioavailability through mineral solubilization. This review also emphasizes the role of PGPB under different abiotic stresses, including heavy-metal-contaminated land, high salinity environments, and organic contaminants. In our opinion, the improved soil fertility of marginal lands using PGPB with economically significant plants (e.g., ) in dual precession technology will result in the reclamation of general agriculture as well as the restoration of native vegetation.
对农业或工业几乎没有用处的土地被视为边际土地。这种地形经常出现在沙漠或其他干旱地区的边缘。由于气候变化和农业边际地区的恶化导致荒漠化加剧，可用于农业的土地数量继续受到限制。植物和相关微生物被用于修复和提高边际土地的土壤质量。它们是恢复土壤肥力的低成本且通常是长期的解决方案。在各种植物修复过程（即植物降解、植物提取、植物稳定、植物挥发、植物过滤、植物刺激和植物脱盐）中，具体机制的采用取决于土壤状况、污染物的存在和浓度以及所涉及的植物物种。本综述重点关注用于植物修复的关键经济重要植物，以及植物生长和植物修复能力面临的挑战，重点是边际土地土壤中植物生长的优势和局限性。植物促生细菌（PGPB）通过分泌多种代谢物和激素、固氮以及通过矿物溶解提高其他养分的生物有效性来促进植物发育并促进土壤生物修复。本综述还强调了PGPB在不同非生物胁迫下的作用，包括重金属污染土地、高盐环境和有机污染物。我们认为，在双进动技术中使用PGPB与具有经济意义的植物（例如）来提高边际土地的土壤肥力，将导致普通农业的开垦以及原生植被的恢复。
