Zhang Meng, Liu Yanling, Wei Quanquan, Gu Xiaofeng, Liu Lingling, Gou Jiulan
Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Oct 24;13:1020832. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1020832. eCollection 2022.
The influence of biochar on the change of nutrient content and fungal community structure is still not clear, especially in different yellow soil depths in karst areas. A soil column leaching simulation experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of biochar on soil content, enzymatic activity, and fungal community diversity and structural composition. Three biochar amounts were studied, namely, 0%(NB, no biochar), 1.0%(LB, low-application-rate biochar), and 4.0% (HB, high-application-rate biochar). The results showed that biochar increased the pH value and the contents of soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP), and available potassium (AK) but reduced the microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN). Furthermore, this effect was enhanced with increasing biochar amount. Biochar was conducive to improving the nutrient availability in topsoil (0-20 cm), especially TN, AK, and MBN. Meanwhile, biochar affected the enzymatic activity, especially the sucrase activity. Biochar affected the diversity and structure of the fungal community, of which HB treatment had the most obvious effect. Among these treatments, , , , , , , and fungal genera were the highest. Moreover, biochar inhibited the growth of harmful pathogens and increased the abundance of beneficial fungi in soil, and the effect was enhanced with increasing biochar amount and soil depth. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that AK was an important factor in yellow soil, although the main environmental factors affecting the fungal community structure were different in different soil depths. Overall, biochar had a positive effect on improving the land productivity and micro-ecological environment of yellow soil in the karst area.
生物炭对养分含量变化和真菌群落结构的影响仍不明确，尤其是在喀斯特地区不同深度的黄壤中。进行了土柱淋溶模拟试验，以研究生物炭对土壤养分含量、酶活性以及真菌群落多样性和结构组成的影响。研究了三种生物炭添加量，即0%（NB，不添加生物炭）、1.0%（LB，低施用量生物炭）和4.0%（HB，高施用量生物炭）。结果表明，生物炭提高了土壤pH值、土壤有机质（SOM）、全氮（TN）、有效磷（AP）和速效钾（AK）的含量，但降低了微生物量碳（MBC）和微生物量氮（MBN）。此外，随着生物炭添加量的增加，这种影响增强。生物炭有利于提高表层土壤（0 - 20 cm）的养分有效性，尤其是TN、AK和MBN。同时，生物炭影响酶活性，尤其是蔗糖酶活性。生物炭影响真菌群落的多样性和结构，其中HB处理的影响最为明显。在这些处理中， 、 、 、 、 、 和 真菌属的含量最高。此外，生物炭抑制了有害病原菌的生长，增加了土壤中有益真菌的丰度，且随着生物炭添加量和土壤深度的增加，这种效果增强。冗余分析（RDA）表明，AK是黄壤中的一个重要因素，尽管不同土壤深度影响真菌群落结构的主要环境因素不同。总体而言，生物炭对提高喀斯特地区黄壤的土地生产力和微生态环境具有积极作用。
