Drogosis Achillefs, Mamoulakis Charalampos, Chrysos Emmanuel, Tsoucalas Gregory, Michaleas Spyros N, Karamanou Marianna
Department of History of Medicine and Medical Deontology, Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece.
Department of Urology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
Arab J Urol. 2022 May 18;20(4):219-223. doi: 10.1080/2090598X.2022.2077002. eCollection 2022.
Arabic medicine, or Arab-Islamic, mainly refers to all developments achieved in the Age of Khalifs, or the Golden Age of the Arab-Islamic civilization (ca 7-14 centuries AD). Arab scholars adopted ancient Greek medicine and soon understood the essence of the fatal disease known as cancer. They introduced various new types of cancer, distinguishing other entities like infection and proposed new methods of treatment, both surgical and non-invasive. Herbal medicine after Dioscurides and Galen bloomed in the Arabic world. Malignancy of the urinary tract was identified and a plethora of herbs were used to slow down its expansion. Moreover, herbal drugs were introduced to alleviate cancerous symptomatology. Avicenna introduced Hindiba, while known scholars like Abulcasis and Rhazes noted the benefits of garlic, onion, black seeds, pomegranate, olive oil as well as leaf and bread wheat. Arabian herbal medicine may still be beneficial in anticancer fight and mainly in the palliative medicine. It should be emphasized that almost 50% of the drugs administered today have their point of origin in the plants used in antiquity.
阿拉伯医学，即阿拉伯 - 伊斯兰医学，主要指在哈里发时代，也就是阿拉伯 - 伊斯兰文明的黄金时代（公元7至14世纪左右）所取得的所有医学发展成果。阿拉伯学者借鉴了古希腊医学，并很快理解了被称为癌症的致命疾病的本质。他们介绍了各种新型癌症，区分了感染等其他病症，并提出了手术和非侵入性等新的治疗方法。迪奥斯科里季斯和盖伦之后的草药医学在阿拉伯世界蓬勃发展。尿路恶性肿瘤被识别出来，大量草药被用于减缓其扩散。此外，还引入了草药药物来缓解癌症症状。阿维森纳引入了辛迪巴，而像阿布卡西和拉齐斯等知名学者则指出了大蒜、洋葱、黑籽、石榴、橄榄油以及叶用小麦和面包小麦的益处。阿拉伯草药医学在抗癌斗争中，尤其是在姑息治疗中可能仍然有益。应该强调的是，如今使用的药物中近50%都起源于古代使用过的植物。
