Laboratory of Biotechnology and Plant Improvement, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3018, Tunisia.
Department of Environmental Sciences and Nutrition, Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology of Mahdia, University of Monastir-Tunisia, Monastir 5000, Tunisia.
Biomolecules. 2022 Oct 28;12(11):1583. doi: 10.3390/biom12111583.
Halophytes are plant species widely distributed in saline habitats, such as beaches, postindustrial wastelands, irrigated lands, salt flats, and others. Excessive salt level, known to limit plant growth, is not harmful to halophytes, which have developed a variety of defense mechanisms allowing them to colonize harsh environments. Plants under stress are known to respond with several morpho-anatomical adaptations, but also to enhance the production of secondary metabolites to better cope with difficult conditions. Owing to these adaptations, halophytes are an interesting group of undemanding plants with a high potential for application in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Therefore, this review aims to present the characteristics of halophytes, describe changes in their gene expression, and discuss their synthesized metabolites of pharmacognostic and pharmacological significance. is characterized as a widely spread halophyte that has been shown to exhibit various pharmacological properties in vitro and in vivo. It is concluded that halophytes may become important sources of natural products for the treatment of various ailments and for supplementing the human diet with necessary non-nutrients and minerals. However, extensive studies are needed to deepen the knowledge of their biological potential in vivo, so that they can be introduced to the pharmaceutical and food industries.
盐生植物是广泛分布于盐生环境中的植物物种，如海滩、后工业荒地、灌溉土地、盐田等。众所周知，高盐度会限制植物的生长，但对盐生植物却没有危害，它们已经发展出多种防御机制，使它们能够在恶劣的环境中生存。研究表明，处于压力下的植物会产生多种形态解剖学适应，同时也会增强次生代谢产物的产生，以更好地应对困难条件。由于这些适应，盐生植物是一类有趣的、适应性强的植物，具有在食品和制药工业中应用的巨大潜力。因此，本综述旨在介绍盐生植物的特征，描述其基因表达的变化，并讨论其具有药理学意义的合成代谢产物。盐地碱蓬是一种广泛分布的盐生植物，已被证明在体外和体内具有多种药理学特性。结论是，盐生植物可能成为治疗各种疾病和为人类饮食补充必要的非营养物质和矿物质的天然产物的重要来源。然而，需要进行广泛的研究来深化对其体内生物潜力的认识，以便将其引入制药和食品工业。
