Tang Chuang, Ma Jideng, Kong Fanli, Li Bo, Du Qinjiao, Zhang Yali, Wang Haoming, Tang Qianzi, Hu Silu, Liu Lingyan, Li Xuewei, Li Mingzhou
Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing 402460, China.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Oct 25;12(21):2925. doi: 10.3390/ani12212925.
The intestine is a tubular organ with multiple functions such as digestion absorption and immunity, but the functions of each intestinal segments are different. Intestinal regionalization is necessary for normal physiological function, but it also means the research results obtained at specific sites may not be applicable to other intestinal segments. In order to comprehensively describe the functional changes in the intestine, different intestinal segments and their contents (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, colon, and rectum) of guinea pigs were collected for RNA seq and 16S rRNA seq, respectively. The results showed differential genes of each intestinal segment mainly involve mucosa, digestion, absorption, and immunity. The gene sets related to fat, bill salts, vitamins, aggregates, amino acids, and water absorption were highly expressed in the small intestine, and the gene sets related to metal ions, nucleotides, and SCFAs were highly expressed in the large intestine. In terms of immunity, the CD8 T, Th1, eosinophils, pDCs, and natural killer (NK) T cells in the small intestine showed higher scores than those in the large intestine, while the pattern-recognition receptor signaling pathway-related genes are highly expressed in the large intestine. In terms of microbial composition, and are abundant in the small intestine, while and are abundant in large intestine. The correlation analysis showed a high correlation between intestinal microorganisms and gene modules related to digestion and absorption. In addition, cross-species analysis showed the SCFA metabolism gene expression trends in human and rodent intestine were different. In conclusion, we analyzed the changes in substance transport, immune and microbial composition between different intestinal segments of guinea pigs, and explored the relationship between intestinal transcriptome and microorganisms, our research will provides a reference for subsequent intestinal-related research.
肠道是一个具有消化、吸收和免疫等多种功能的管状器官，但各肠段的功能有所不同。肠道区域化对于正常生理功能是必要的，但这也意味着在特定部位获得的研究结果可能不适用于其他肠段。为了全面描述肠道中的功能变化，分别收集了豚鼠不同肠段及其内容物（十二指肠、空肠、回肠、盲肠、结肠和直肠）进行RNA测序和16S rRNA测序。结果显示，各肠段的差异基因主要涉及黏膜、消化、吸收和免疫。与脂肪、胆盐、维生素、聚合物、氨基酸和水吸收相关的基因集在小肠中高表达，而与金属离子、核苷酸和短链脂肪酸相关的基因集在大肠中高表达。在免疫方面，小肠中的CD8 T细胞、Th1细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、浆细胞样树突状细胞（pDCs）和自然杀伤（NK）T细胞的评分高于大肠，而模式识别受体信号通路相关基因在大肠中高表达。在微生物组成方面，[此处原文缺失具体微生物名称]在小肠中丰富，而[此处原文缺失具体微生物名称]在大肠中丰富。相关性分析表明肠道微生物与消化和吸收相关的基因模块之间存在高度相关性。此外，跨物种分析表明人和啮齿动物肠道中短链脂肪酸代谢基因的表达趋势不同。总之，我们分析了豚鼠不同肠段之间物质转运、免疫和微生物组成的变化，并探索了肠道转录组与微生物之间的关系，我们的研究将为后续肠道相关研究提供参考。
