Sánchez-García Juan Carlos, Marín-Jiménez Ana Eugenia, Tovar-Gálvez María Isabel, Cortés-Martín Jonathan, Montiel-Troya María, Menor-Rodríguez María José, Rodríguez-Blanque Raquel
Andalusian Plan for Research, Development and Innovation, CTS-1068, 18014 Granada, Spain.
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
Children (Basel). 2022 Oct 28;9(11):1646. doi: 10.3390/children9111646.
The aim of this research is to describe the evolution of the pandemic in a school context, following the introduction of school nurses into the educational setting.
The first wave of COVID-19 in Spain prevented social interaction by imposing lockdowns on the population. All non-essential activities, including face-to-face education, were interrupted, affecting the school-aged population during the second and third trimester of the 2019/2020 school year. Schools are places where prevention, identification and case management measures should be rapidly implemented.
This is a prospective and descriptive study using a quantitative method to study the school population of Granada and its province during the school year 2020/2021, from September 2020 to May 2021. The study participants were all schools under the jurisdiction of the Territorial Delegation of Education of Granada, whether public, private, state-subsidised or charter schools, including all educational stages.
The confirmation rate in Granada city (11.2%), in contrast to the Andalusian average (6.9%), places Granada as the province with the highest incidence rate. The infection rates among teachers show the same confirmation rate as the general population of Granada (9%); however, among students this rate is lower (7%). There is a higher incidence of outbreaks taking place outside school and a lower incidence of outbreaks occurring within the school environment. Both partial and total outbreaks are more frequent in early childhood education.
The early identification and management of reported suspected cases of COVID-19 in schools is proving effective in preventing infection in the school population, achieving good pandemic control in schools, and reducing the number of outbreaks and people affected. Schools have been confirmed to be safe. Establishing screening for asymptomatic schoolchildren could be a tool to improve control in schools.
本研究的目的是描述在学校引入学校护士后，疫情在学校环境中的演变情况。
西班牙的第一波新冠疫情通过对民众实施封锁措施来阻止社交互动。包括面对面教育在内的所有非必要活动都被中断，影响了2019/2020学年第二和第三学期的学龄人口。学校是应迅速实施预防、识别和病例管理措施的场所。
这是一项前瞻性描述性研究，采用定量方法对2020年9月至2021年5月2020/2021学年格拉纳达及其省份的学校人口进行研究。研究参与者为格拉纳达教育领土代表团管辖下的所有学校，无论是公立、私立、国家补贴学校还是特许学校，包括所有教育阶段。
格拉纳达市的确诊率（11.2%）与安达卢西亚平均水平（6.9%）相比，使格拉纳达成为发病率最高的省份。教师中的感染率与格拉纳达总人口的确诊率相同（9%）；然而，学生中的这一比率较低（7%）。校外爆发的发生率较高，而校内环境中爆发的发生率较低。部分和全面爆发在幼儿教育中更为频繁。
事实证明，对学校报告的新冠疑似病例进行早期识别和管理，对于预防学校人群感染、在学校实现良好的疫情控制以及减少爆发次数和受影响人数是有效的。学校已被证实是安全的。对无症状学童进行筛查可能是改善学校防控的一种手段。
