Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, 114 19 Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Periodontology, Pushpagiri College of Dental Sciences, Kerala University of Health Sciences [KUHS], Medicity, Perumthuruthy, Tiruvalla 689107, Kerala, India.
Molecules. 2022 Oct 25;27(21):7214. doi: 10.3390/molecules27217214.
Bio-based and patient-specific three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds can present next generation strategies for bone tissue engineering (BTE) to treat critical bone size defects. In the present study, a composite filament of poly lactic acid (PLA) and 45S5 bioglass (BG) were used to 3D print scaffolds intended for bone tissue regeneration. The thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique was used to produce composite spheres that were extruded into a continuous filament to 3D print a variety of composite scaffolds. These scaffolds were analyzed for their macro- and microstructures, mechanical properties, in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo biocompatibility. The results show that the BG particles were homogeneously distributed within the PLA matrix and contributed to an 80% increase in the mechanical strength of the scaffolds. The in vitro cytotoxicity analysis of PLA-BG scaffolds using L929 mouse fibroblast cells confirmed their biocompatibility. During the in vivo studies, the population of the cells showed an elevated level of macrophages and active fibroblasts that are involved in collagen extracellular matrix synthesis. This study demonstrates successful processing of PLA-BG 3D-printed composite scaffolds and their potential as an implant material with a tunable pore structure and mechanical properties for regenerative bone tissue engineering.
基于生物材料和患者特异性的三维（3D）支架可为骨组织工程（BTE）提供下一代策略，以治疗临界骨尺寸缺陷。在本研究中，聚乳酸（PLA）和 45S5 生物玻璃（BG）的复合纤维被用于 3D 打印用于骨组织再生的支架。采用热致相分离（TIPS）技术制备复合球，将其挤出成连续纤维以 3D 打印各种复合支架。对这些支架的宏观和微观结构、机械性能、体外细胞毒性和体内生物相容性进行了分析。结果表明，BG 颗粒均匀分布在 PLA 基质中，使支架的机械强度提高了 80%。使用 L929 小鼠成纤维细胞对 PLA-BG 支架进行的体外细胞毒性分析证实了其生物相容性。在体内研究中，细胞群体表现出高水平的巨噬细胞和活跃的成纤维细胞，这些细胞参与胶原蛋白细胞外基质的合成。本研究成功地加工了 PLA-BG 3D 打印复合支架，并证明其具有作为可调节孔结构和机械性能的植入材料的潜力，可用于再生骨组织工程。
