Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
Vet Res. 2022 Nov 26;53(1):99. doi: 10.1186/s13567-022-01118-w.
Newcastle disease (ND) is one of the most economically devastating infectious diseases affecting the poultry industry. Virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) can cause high mortality and severe tissue lesions in the respiratory, gastrointestinal, neurological, reproductive and immune systems of poultry. Tremendous progress has been made in preventing morbidity and mortality caused by ND based on strict biosecurity and wide vaccine application. In recent decades, the continual evolution of NDV has resulted in a total of twenty genotypes, and genetic variation may be associated with disease outbreaks in vaccinated chickens. In some countries, the administration of genotype-matched novel vaccines in poultry successfully suppresses the circulation of virulent NDV strains in the field. However, virulent NDV is still endemic in many regions of the world, especially in low- and middle-income countries, impacting the livelihood of millions of people dependent on poultry for food. In ND-endemic countries, although vaccination is implemented for disease control, the lack of genotype-matched vaccines that can reduce virus infection and transmission as well as the inadequate administration of vaccines in the field undermines the effectiveness of vaccination. Dissection of the profiles of existing ND vaccines is fundamental for establishing proper vaccination regimes and developing next-generation vaccines. Therefore, in this article, we provide a broad review of commercial and experimental ND vaccines and promising new platforms for the development of next-generation vaccines.
新城疫（ND）是一种极具经济破坏性的传染病，严重影响家禽业。强毒新城疫病毒（NDV）可引起家禽呼吸系统、胃肠道、神经系统、生殖系统和免疫系统的高死亡率和严重组织病变。基于严格的生物安全和广泛的疫苗应用，在预防 ND 引起的发病率和死亡率方面取得了巨大进展。近几十年来，NDV 的持续进化导致了总共二十种基因型，遗传变异可能与接种鸡的疾病爆发有关。在一些国家，在家禽中使用与基因型匹配的新型疫苗成功抑制了野外强毒 NDV 株的传播。然而，强毒 NDV 仍在世界许多地区流行，特别是在低收入和中等收入国家，影响着数百万依赖家禽作为食物的人的生计。在 ND 流行国家，尽管实施了疫苗接种以控制疾病，但缺乏能够降低病毒感染和传播的与基因型匹配的疫苗，以及在野外疫苗接种不足，这削弱了疫苗接种的效果。剖析现有 ND 疫苗的情况对于建立适当的疫苗接种制度和开发下一代疫苗至关重要。因此，在本文中，我们广泛综述了商业和实验性 ND 疫苗以及下一代疫苗开发的有前途的新平台。
