Campinas Poison Control Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-859, Brazil.
National Institute of Criminalistics, Brazilian Federal Police, Brasília, DF 70610-200, Brazil.
Forensic Toxicol. 2022 Jan;40(1):119-124. doi: 10.1007/s11419-021-00586-7. Epub 2021 Jun 29.
Synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists (SCRAs) are a class of varied compounds that mimic the effects of natural cannabinoids found in cannabis. Because they have a wide range of diverse structures, they vary widely in their potency. The abuse of new psychoactive substances (NPS) in prisons was reported in many European countries and in the USA. In the present study, we have described the identification of SCRAs in 56 infused paper sheet samples, seized mainly in Brazilian prisons between 2016 and 2020.
The materials were seized by local or federal law enforcement and analyzed by São Paulo State Police or Brazilian Federal Police using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry or nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry.
Most of these samples (87.5%) were seized in 2019-2020; seven different SCRAs were identified in samples, and the most frequently identified substances were MDMB-4en-PINACA (23.6%) and 5F-MDMB-PICA (36.4%), the newest SCRAs emerging recently.
As observed in Europe and the USA, Brazil also shows the prevalence of indazole-3-carboxamides and indole-3-carboxamides among SCRAs seizures in the prison system. This phenomenon is spreading all over the world at this moment. These data on the prevalence could help to alert judicial authorities to shutting down the introduction of NPS, including SCRAs, into prisons to ensure safety and security for avoiding health risks of prisoners and staff, leading to positive effects in this population. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of SCRAs smuggling into prisons in Latin America.
合成大麻素受体激动剂（SCRAs）是一类模拟大麻中天然大麻素作用的化合物。由于它们具有广泛的不同结构，其效力差异很大。新精神活性物质（NPS）在监狱中的滥用在许多欧洲国家和美国都有报道。在本研究中，我们描述了在 56 份注入纸样中鉴定出的 SCRAs，这些纸样主要是在 2016 年至 2020 年间在巴西监狱中查获的。
这些材料是由当地或联邦执法部门查获的，由圣保罗州警察或巴西联邦警察使用气相色谱-质谱联用仪、衰减全反射-傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、液相色谱-高分辨质谱仪或核磁共振光谱仪进行分析。
这些样本中大多数（87.5%）是在 2019-2020 年查获的；在样本中鉴定出了七种不同的 SCRAs，最常鉴定出的物质是 MDMB-4en-PINACA（23.6%）和 5F-MDMB-PICA（36.4%），这是最近新出现的 SCRAs。
与欧洲和美国的情况一样，巴西在监狱系统中缴获的 SCRAs 中也以吲哚-3-甲酰胺和吲唑-3-甲酰胺为主。这种现象目前正在全球蔓延。这些流行率数据可以帮助司法当局警惕将 NPS（包括 SCRAs）引入监狱，以确保囚犯和工作人员的安全，避免他们面临健康风险，从而对这一人群产生积极影响。据我们所知，这是拉丁美洲首次发现 SCRAs 走私到监狱。
