Kharazmkia Ali, Al-Abodi Hiba Riyadh, Yadegari Javad Ghasemian, Vahidi Ashkan, Mahmoudvand Hossein
Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
J Parasit Dis. 2022 Dec;46(4):1055-1061. doi: 10.1007/s12639-022-01514-1. Epub 2022 Aug 29.
This survey designed to assess the in vitro and in vivo activity of α-pinene, a monoterpene commonly originated in essential oils on . The in vitro effect of various concentration of α-pinene against tachyzoites of Rh strain was assessed by MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The activity of α-pinene on the stimulation of apoptosis in tachyzoites of was also examined using the caspase 3 colorimetric activity assay. In vivo assay, mice were orally received α-pinene at 2 and 4 mg/kg/day for 14 days, then, pre-treated mice were daily tested and the rate of death was recorded. α-pinene meaningfully declined ( < 0.001) the tachyzoites viability with the IC value of 23.3 µg/mL. α-pinene induced the apoptosis through increasing the caspase-3 activity by 35.6%. Oral treatment with α-pinene significantly ( < 0.01) improved the survival rate infected mice with by 9th day. α-pinene + atovauone (50 mg/kg) significantly ( < 0.01) improved the survival rate infected mice up to 11 days compared with the control groups. α-pinene especially in combined atovaquone at 50 mg/kg for 2 weeks meaningfully ( < 0.05) declined oxidative stress. We found the promising in vitro anti- effects of α-pinene on RH strain. In addition, we found that α-pinene therapy particularly along with the reference drug declined the mortality rate of infected mice. Although, we just confirmed the stimulation of apoptosis and anti-inflammatory effects as the main anti- mechanisms of α-pinene; however, more surveys concerning the accurate mechanisms, toxicity, and efficacy on other strains are required to confirm these results.
本研究旨在评估α-蒎烯（一种常见于香精油中的单萜）的体外和体内活性。通过MTT（3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐）法评估不同浓度的α-蒎烯对Rh株速殖子的体外作用。还使用半胱天冬酶3比色活性测定法检测了α-蒎烯对 速殖子凋亡刺激的活性。在体内试验中，小鼠口服2和4 mg/kg/天的α-蒎烯，持续14天，然后，对预处理的小鼠进行每日检测并记录死亡率。α-蒎烯使速殖子活力显著下降（<0.001），IC值为23.3 μg/mL。α-蒎烯通过将半胱天冬酶-3活性提高35.6%诱导凋亡。口服α-蒎烯显著（<0.01）提高了感染小鼠到第9天的存活率。与对照组相比，α-蒎烯+阿托伐醌（50 mg/kg）显著（<0.01）提高了感染小鼠到11天的存活率。α-蒎烯，尤其是与50 mg/kg的阿托伐醌联合使用2周，显著（<0.05）降低了氧化应激。我们发现α-蒎烯对RH株具有有前景的体外抗 作用。此外，我们发现α-蒎烯治疗，特别是与参考药物联合使用，降低了感染小鼠的死亡率。尽管，我们仅证实了凋亡刺激和抗炎作用是α-蒎烯的主要抗 机制；然而，需要更多关于其他 株的准确机制、毒性和疗效的研究来证实这些结果。
