Hajizadeh Moghaddam Akbar, Malekzadeh Estalkhi Fatemeh, Khanjani Jelodar Sedigheh, Ahmed Hasan Tabarek, Farhadi-Pahnedari Soroush, Karimian Mohammad
Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.
Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran.
IBRO Neurosci Rep. 2024 Jan 4;16:182-189. doi: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2023.12.012. eCollection 2024 Jun.
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a profound neurological disorder that affects approximately 1% of the global population. Alpha-pinene (α-pinene) is a natural and active monoterpene found in coniferous tree oil, primarily pine, with diverse pharmacological characteristics, including antioxidative, anxiolytic, and antidepressant properties. This research study delves into the neuroprotective effects of α-pinene on oxidative stress, memory deficits, and depressive and anxiety-like behaviors in a ketamine-induced mice model of SCZ using male mice. The mice were randomly divided into six groups: vehicle, control, positive control, ketamine, α-pinene at 50 mg/kg, and α-pinene at 100 mg/kg. Treatment of the ketamine-induced mice model of SCZ with α-pinene yielded significant improvements in depressive and anxiety-like behaviors and cognitive impairments. Furthermore, it significantly elevated glutathione (GSH) levels, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), dopamine levels, catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities while markedly reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The current study establishes that α-pinene treatment effectively mitigates oxidative damage, cognitive deficits, and depressive and anxiogenic-like behaviors in the brains of ketamine-treated mice. Therefore, α-pinene treatment is an efficacious approach to forestall the neurobehavioral and neurobiochemical adverse effects of the ketamine-induced SCZ model of mice.
精神分裂症（SCZ）是一种严重的神经障碍，影响着全球约1%的人口。α-蒎烯是一种天然的活性单萜，存在于针叶树油中，主要是松树油，具有多种药理特性，包括抗氧化、抗焦虑和抗抑郁特性。本研究利用雄性小鼠，深入探讨了α-蒎烯对氯胺酮诱导的SCZ小鼠模型中氧化应激、记忆缺陷以及抑郁和焦虑样行为的神经保护作用。小鼠被随机分为六组：溶剂对照组、正常对照组、阳性对照组、氯胺酮组、50mg/kg α-蒎烯组和100mg/kg α-蒎烯组。用α-蒎烯治疗氯胺酮诱导的SCZ小鼠模型，可显著改善抑郁和焦虑样行为以及认知障碍。此外，它还能显著提高谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平、总抗氧化能力（TAC）、多巴胺水平、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性，同时显著降低丙二醛（MDA）水平。当前研究表明，α-蒎烯治疗可有效减轻氯胺酮处理小鼠大脑中的氧化损伤、认知缺陷以及抑郁和焦虑样行为。因此，α-蒎烯治疗是一种有效的方法，可预防氯胺酮诱导的小鼠SCZ模型的神经行为和神经生化不良反应。
