Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University.
Department of Internal Medicine, Rush Medical College, Rush University.
Psychol Sci. 2023 Mar;34(3):283-297. doi: 10.1177/09567976221119828. Epub 2022 Dec 6.
Not all older adults with dementia-related neuropathology in their brains experience cognitive decline or impairment. Instead, some people maintain relatively normal cognitive functioning despite neuropathologic burden, a phenomenon called . Using a longitudinal, epidemiological, clinical-pathologic cohort study of older adults in the United States ( = 348), the present research investigated associations between well-being and cognitive resilience. Consistent with preregistered hypotheses, results showed that higher eudaimonic well-being (measured via the Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale) and higher hedonic well-being (measured via the Satisfaction with Life Scale) were associated with better-than-expected cognitive functioning relative to one's neuropathological burden (i.e., beta-amyloid, neurofibrillary tangles, Lewy bodies, vascular pathologies, hippocampal sclerosis, and TDP-43). The association of eudaimonic well-being in particular was present above and beyond known cognitive resilience factors (i.e., socioeconomic status, education, cognitive activity, low neuroticism, low depression) and dementia risk factors (i.e., apolipoprotein E [] genotype, medical comorbidities). This research highlights the importance of considering eudaimonic well-being in efforts to prevent dementia.
并非所有大脑中有与痴呆相关神经病理学的老年人都会出现认知能力下降或损伤。相反，一些人尽管存在神经病理学负担，但仍保持相对正常的认知功能，这种现象被称为认知弹性。本研究使用美国老年人群的纵向、流行病学、临床病理学队列研究（n=348），调查了幸福感与认知弹性之间的关联。与预先注册的假设一致，结果表明，与神经病理学负担（即β-淀粉样蛋白、神经原纤维缠结、路易体、血管病理学、海马硬化和 TDP-43）相比，更高的存在论幸福感（通过 Ryff 心理幸福感量表测量）和更高的享乐幸福感（通过生活满意度量表测量）与更好的认知功能相关。特别是存在论幸福感的关联存在于已知的认知弹性因素（即社会经济地位、教育、认知活动、低神经质、低抑郁）和痴呆风险因素（即载脂蛋白 E [*]基因型、合并症）之上。这项研究强调了在预防痴呆方面考虑存在论幸福感的重要性。
