老年人人格特质与认知弹性的关系。
Associations Between Personality Traits and Cognitive Resilience in Older Adults.
机构信息
Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.
出版信息
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2021 Jan 1;76(1):6-19. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbaa135.
OBJECTIVES
The goal of this paper was to examine associations between personality traits and resilience to neuropathologic burden.
METHOD
Using data from the Religious Orders Study and the Rush Memory and Aging Project, we identified a total of 1,375 participants with personality, cognitive, and post-mortem neuropathology data. We regressed cognition onto pathology and extracted the residuals as an indicator of cognitive resilience. We then modeled the effect of Big Five personality traits on cognitive resilience, adjusting for demographics, APOE status, medical comorbidities, and cognitive activity. The analytic plan was preregistered prior to data access or analysis, and all scripts and outputs are available online.
RESULTS
Higher neuroticism was associated with greater vulnerability to pathology. Results from exploratory analyses suggest that higher conscientiousness was associated with less cognitive decline relative to the amount of pathology, or greater resilience. Education and cognitive activity did not moderate these associations.
DISCUSSION
Personality may have a pathoplastic effect on neuropathology, as low neuroticism and high conscientiousness are associated with better function despite neuropathologic burden.
目的
本文旨在探讨人格特质与神经病理学负担的韧性之间的关联。
方法
本研究使用宗教秩序研究和拉什记忆与衰老项目的数据，共纳入了 1375 名具有人格、认知和死后神经病理学数据的参与者。我们将认知回归到病理学上，并提取残差作为认知韧性的指标。然后，我们通过调整人口统计学、APOE 状态、合并症和认知活动，来建立大五人格特质对认知韧性的影响模型。该分析计划在数据获取或分析之前就已经预先注册，所有脚本和输出都可以在线获得。
结果
较高的神经质与对病理学的更大易感性相关。探索性分析的结果表明，与病理学的量相比，较高的尽责性与认知衰退较少或韧性较高相关。教育和认知活动并没有调节这些关联。
讨论
人格特质可能对神经病理学具有病理塑造作用，因为较低的神经质和较高的尽责性与神经病理学负担下的更好功能相关。
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