Department of Pharmacy, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia.
Poche Centre for Indigenous Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Nutr Diet. 2023 Feb;80(1):55-64. doi: 10.1111/1747-0080.12784. Epub 2022 Dec 19.
This systematic review aimed to determine the level of existing research that investigates the intake, specifically macro and micronutrient intake, of patients undergoing opioid replacement therapy.
A systematic review was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and CINAHL databases using a pre-determined protocol. Studies published between 2001 and 2022 assessing macronutrient or micronutrient intake in opioid replacement therapy patients were included. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist was utilised for quality appraisal. Data from each of the included papers was synthesised in a narrative manner. Data extracted included all measurements of nutrition including macronutrient, and micronutrient intake and any bioanalysis results and methods utilised.
Seven papers (one cohort study and six cross-sectional studies, n = 443) were included that investigated an aspect of nutritional intake in patients receiving opioid replacement therapy. The majority of included papers reported an assessment of both macro and micronutrient and resulting energy intake as determined by food consumption. The included papers described a picture of irregular nutritional intake in patients undergoing opioid replacement therapy.
Minimal research into the nutritional intake of opioid replacement therapy patients exists. The existing research is suggestive of irregular nutritional intake from both macro and micronutrient consumption and indicates a need for further studies and increased attention on this vulnerable patient group.
本系统评价旨在确定现有研究调查接受阿片类药物替代治疗患者摄入情况（具体为宏量和微量营养素摄入）的水平。
使用预先确定的方案，在 PubMed、Embase、Cochrane 和 CINAHL 数据库中进行了系统评价。纳入评估阿片类药物替代治疗患者宏量营养素或微量营养素摄入的 2001 年至 2022 年间发表的研究。使用观察性研究流行病学报告质量评估工具（Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist）进行质量评估。以叙述性方式综合纳入研究的所有数据。提取的数据包括营养的所有测量值，包括宏量营养素和微量营养素摄入以及任何生物分析结果和使用的方法。
纳入了 7 篇论文（1 项队列研究和 6 项横断面研究，n=443），这些论文调查了接受阿片类药物替代治疗的患者营养摄入的某个方面。大多数纳入的论文报告了对宏量和微量营养素以及通过食物消耗确定的能量摄入的评估。纳入的论文描述了接受阿片类药物替代治疗的患者营养摄入不规律的情况。
对阿片类药物替代治疗患者营养摄入的研究很少。现有研究表明，从宏量和微量营养素摄入两方面来看，营养摄入不规律，并表明需要进一步研究并增加对这一脆弱患者群体的关注。
