Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong.
Department of Paediatrics, Duchess of Kent Children's Hospital, Hong Kong.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Dec 8;19(24):16503. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192416503.
The prevalence of allergic diseases has been increasing in developing areas but has reached a plateau in many developed areas. Regular surveys are imperative to assess the disease burden for the prioritization of resource allocation.
We examined the change in the prevalence of wheezing, allergic rhinitis (AR), and eczema in school-aged children with possible associative factors and possible health effects of school air quality.
This was the third repeated cross-sectional study conducted in 2015-2016 using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) protocol. Our first and second surveys were conducted in 1994-1995 and 2000-2001, respectively. Regarding the third survey, we recruited 3698 children aged 6-7 from 33 local schools in 18 districts. Air quality, temperature, and humidity were also measured. The changes in prevalence, multiple regression, and GLIMMIX procedure were analyzed.
From our first survey to our third survey, the increased prevalences for lifetime wheeze, current wheeze, lifetime rhinitis, current rhinitis, current rhinoconjunctivitis, lifetime chronic rash, and current chronic rash were 4.2%, 2.1%, 12.5%, 12.6%, 14.2%, 3.9%, and 4.1%, respectively. Increased prevalence of parental atopy had the strongest association with an increased prevalence of each of these seven health outcomes. There was no significant association between school air pollutant levels and the prevalence of health outcomes.
There was an increase in the prevalence of wheezing, allergic rhinitis, and eczema across the surveys. The most important associated risk factor identified was the increased prevalence of a parental history of atopy.
在发展中地区，过敏性疾病的患病率一直在上升，但在许多发达地区已达到稳定水平。定期进行调查对于评估疾病负担、优先分配资源至关重要。
本研究旨在探讨学龄儿童喘息、过敏性鼻炎（AR）和特应性皮炎患病率的变化，并分析其与可能的关联因素以及学校空气质量可能对健康产生的影响。
这是一项使用国际儿童哮喘和过敏研究（ISAAC）方案进行的第三次重复横断面研究。我们的前两次调查分别于 1994-1995 年和 2000-2001 年进行。在第三次调查中，我们从 18 个区的 33 所学校招募了 3698 名 6-7 岁的儿童。同时还测量了空气质量、温度和湿度。采用变化率、多元回归和 GLIMMIX 程序进行分析。
从第一次调查到第三次调查，终生喘息、当前喘息、终生鼻炎、当前鼻炎、当前鼻结膜炎、终生慢性皮疹和当前慢性皮疹的患病率分别增加了 4.2%、2.1%、12.5%、12.6%、14.2%、3.9%和 4.1%。父母特应性的患病率增加与这七种健康结果的患病率增加具有最强的相关性。学校空气污染物水平与健康结果的患病率之间无显著相关性。
喘息、过敏性鼻炎和特应性皮炎的患病率在调查期间有所增加。确定的最重要的相关危险因素是父母特应性患病率的增加。
