Department of Geography, Tourism and Territorial Planning, Faculty of Geography, Tourism and Sport, University of Oradea, 1 Universitatii Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania.
Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 Piata, 1 Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Dec 10;19(24):16599. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192416599.
Poor air quality inside museums can have a double effect; on the one hand, influencing the integrity of the exhibits and on the other hand, endangering the health of employees and visitors. Both components can be very sensitive to the influence of the internal microclimate, therefore careful monitoring of the physical parameters and pollutants is required in order to maintain them within strict limits and thus to reduce the hazards that can be induced. The current study considers the determination and analysis of 15 indicators of the internal microclimate in an Art Nouveau museum built at the beginning of the 20th century in the Municipality of Oradea, Romania. The monitoring spanned a period of seven months, between September 2021 and March 2022, targeting three rooms of the museum with different characteristics and containing exhibits with a high degree of fragility. The results show that, although there are numerous indicators that have exceeded the thresholds induced by international standards, the possible negative impact on the exhibits and/or on human health remains moderate. This is due to the fact that, most of the time, exceeding the permitted limits are small or only sporadic, the values quickly returning to the permitted limits. Thus, only 22 of the 212 days of monitoring recorded marginal conditions regarding the quality of the indoor air, the rest having acceptable and good conditions. To improve the indoor conditions, a more careful management is needed, especially regarding the values of temperature, humidity, particulate matters, natural and artificial light, volatile organic compounds (VOC) and formaldehyde (HCHO), which during the measurements recorded high values that fluctuated in a wide spectrum. The obtained results can represent the basis for the development and implementation of long-term strategies for stabilizing the microclimatic conditions in the museum in order to preserve the exhibits preventively and to ensure a clean and safe environment for people.
博物馆内空气质量较差会产生双重影响；一方面，影响展品的完整性；另一方面，危害员工和游客的健康。这两个因素都对内部微气候的影响非常敏感，因此需要仔细监测物理参数和污染物，以将它们维持在严格的限制内，从而降低可能产生的危害。本研究考虑了在罗马尼亚奥拉迪亚市（Oradea）建造的一个 20 世纪初的新艺术博物馆内 15 个内部微气候指标的测定和分析。监测时间为 2021 年 9 月至 2022 年 3 月，为期七个月，目标是博物馆的三个具有不同特征的房间，其中包含高度易碎的展品。结果表明，尽管有许多指标超过了国际标准所诱导的阈值，但对展品和/或人类健康的潜在负面影响仍然是温和的。这是因为，大多数时候，超过允许限制的情况较小或只是零星的，数值很快就会回到允许的限制内。因此，在 212 天的监测中，只有 22 天记录到室内空气质量的边缘条件，其余的都有可接受和良好的条件。为了改善室内条件，需要进行更仔细的管理，特别是针对温度、湿度、颗粒物、自然光和人造光、挥发性有机化合物（VOC）和甲醛（HCHO）等的数值，在测量过程中，这些数值记录了波动范围很宽的高值。所得到的结果可以作为制定和实施长期战略的基础，以稳定博物馆内的微气候条件，从而预防性地保护展品，并为人们提供清洁和安全的环境。
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