Schaefer Jaclyn S, Figliozzi Miguel A
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Transportation Technology, People Lab Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA.
J Transp Geogr. 2021 Dec;97:103212. doi: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2021.103212. Epub 2021 Nov 1.
The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the growth of e-commerce and home deliveries. Automated parcel lockers are a way to improve delivery efficiency, but despite their rapid growth, little is known about their accessibility and equity impacts. Among e-commerce players in the U.S., Amazon stands out by its large market share. This research studies the location of Amazon lockers in Portland, Oregon utilizing highway, land use, employment, and sociodemographic datasets. Geographical tools and cluster analysis are utilized to estimate accessibility and equity metrics. Lockers tend to be located in mixed-use areas and can be utilized by a large percentage of the population. However, the equity metrics indicate that the current distribution of lockers could be improved to reach traditionally underserved populations. Given the environmental and economic advantages of lockers, policymakers should encourage the expansion of this type of last mile solution to avoid market failures in areas that are currently underserved.
新冠疫情的爆发加速了电子商务和送货上门服务的发展。自动包裹储物柜是提高配送效率的一种方式，尽管其发展迅速，但对于其可达性和公平性影响却知之甚少。在美国的电子商务企业中，亚马逊凭借其巨大的市场份额脱颖而出。本研究利用高速公路、土地利用、就业和社会人口统计数据集，对俄勒冈州波特兰市的亚马逊储物柜位置进行了研究。运用地理工具和聚类分析来估计可达性和公平性指标。储物柜往往位于混合用途区域，并且大部分人口都可以使用。然而，公平性指标表明，当前储物柜的分布可以得到改善，以覆盖传统上服务不足的人群。鉴于储物柜的环境和经济优势，政策制定者应鼓励扩大这种最后一英里解决方案，以避免当前服务不足地区出现市场失灵。
