中国内地三级综合医院和癌症医院护士的遗传和基因组护理能力：一项全国性调查。
Genetic and genomic nursing competency among nurses in tertiary general hospitals and cancer hospitals in mainland China: a nationwide survey.
机构信息
Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
School of Nursing, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2022 Dec 30;12(12):e066296. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066296.
OBJECTIVES
To explore genetic/genomic nursing competency and associated factors among nurses from tertiary general and specialist cancer hospitals in mainland China and compare the competencies of nurses from the two types of hospitals.
DESIGN AND SETTING
A cross-sectional survey was conducted from November 2019 to January 2020, wherein 2118 nurses were recruited from 8 tertiary general hospitals and 4 cancer hospitals in mainland China. We distributed electronic questionnaires to collect data on nurses' demographics, work-related variables and genomic nursing competency.
PARTICIPANTS
2118 nurses were recruited via a three-stage stratified cluster sampling method.
RESULTS
More than half (59.1%, 1252/2118) of the participants reported that their curriculum included genetics/genomics content. The mean nurses' genomic knowledge score was 8.30/12 (95% CI=8.21 to 8.39). Only 5.4% had always collected a complete family history in the past 3 months. Compared with general hospital nurses, slightly more cancer hospital nurses (75.6% vs 70.6%, p=0.010) recognised the importance of genomics, while there was no significant difference in the knowledge scores (8.38 vs 8.21, p>0.05). Gender (β=0.06, p=0.005), years of clinical nursing (β=-0.07, p=0.002), initial level of nursing education (β=0.10, p<0.001), membership of the Chinese Nursing Association (β=0.06, p=0.004), whether their curriculum included genetics/genomics content (β=0.08, p=0.001) and attitude towards becoming more educated in genetics/genomics (β=0.25, p<0.001) were significantly associated with the nurses' genomic knowledge score.
CONCLUSION
The levels of genomic knowledge among mainland Chinese nurses in tertiary hospitals were moderate. The overall genomic competency of cancer hospital nurses was comparable to that of general hospital nurses. Further genomic training is needed for nurses in China to increase their genomic competency and accelerate the integration of genomics into nursing practice.
目的
探索中国大陆三级综合和专科癌症医院护士的遗传/基因组护理能力及其相关因素，并比较两类医院护士的能力。
设计和设置
本研究采用横断面调查，于 2019 年 11 月至 2020 年 1 月期间，从中国大陆的 8 家三级综合医院和 4 家癌症医院招募了 2118 名护士。我们通过电子问卷收集了护士的人口统计学、工作相关变量和基因组护理能力的数据。
参与者
通过三阶段分层聚类抽样方法招募了 2118 名护士。
结果
超过一半（59.1%，1252/2118）的参与者报告其课程包括遗传学/基因组学内容。护士基因组知识得分的平均值为 12 分中的 8.30 分（95%CI=8.21 至 8.39）。只有 5.4%的护士在过去 3 个月内始终完整收集家族史。与综合医院护士相比，略多的癌症医院护士（75.6%比 70.6%，p=0.010）认识到基因组学的重要性，而知识得分无显著差异（8.38 分比 8.21 分，p>0.05）。性别（β=0.06，p=0.005）、临床护理年限（β=-0.07，p=0.002）、护理教育初始水平（β=0.10，p<0.001）、中国护理协会会员身份（β=0.06，p=0.004）、课程是否包含遗传学/基因组学内容（β=0.08，p=0.001）和对遗传学/基因组学进一步教育的态度（β=0.25，p<0.001）与护士的基因组知识得分显著相关。
结论
中国大陆三级医院护士的基因组知识水平中等。癌症医院护士的整体基因组能力与综合医院护士相当。中国护士需要进一步进行基因组培训，以提高他们的基因组能力，并加速将基因组学纳入护理实践。
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